usguude

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Afar

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /usɡuːˈde/
  • Hyphenation: us‧guu‧de

Verb

usguudé (autobenefactive ussuguudé)

  1. (transitive) slaughter
  2. (transitive) butcher

Conjugation

    Conjugation of usguude (type I verb)
1st singular 2nd singular 3rd singular 1st plural 2nd plural 3rd plural
m f
perfective V-affirmative usguudéh tusguudéh yusguudéh tusguudéh nusguudéh tusguudeeníh yusguudeeníh
N-affirmative usguudé tusguudé yusguudé tusguudé nusguudé tusguudén yusguudén
negative máasguudinniyo máasguudinnito máasguudinna máasguudinna máasguudinnino máasguudinniton máasguudinnon
imperfective V-affirmative asguudéh tasguudéh yasguudéh tasguudéh nasguudéh tasguudeeníh yasguudeeníh
N-affirmative asguudé tasguudé yasguudé tasguudé nasguudé tasguudén yasguudén
negative máasguuda mátasguuda máyasguuda,
míyasguuda		 mátasguuda mánasguuda mátasguudan máyasguudan,
míyasguudan
prospective V-affirmative asguudéliyoh,
asguudéyyoh		 asguudélitoh,
asguudéttoh		 asguudéleh asguudéleh asguudélinoh,
asguudénnoh		 asguudélitoonuh,
asguudéttoonuh		 asguudéloonuh
N-affirmative asguudéliyo,
asguudéyyo		 asguudélito,
asguudétto		 asguudéle asguudéle asguudélino,
asguudénno		 asguudéliton,
asguudétton		 asguudélon
conjunctive I V-affirmative asgúuduh tasgúuduh yasgúuduh tasgúuduh nasgúuduh tasguudóonuh yasguudóonuh
N-affirmative asgúudu tasgúudu yasgúudu tasgúudu nasgúudu tasguudón yasguudón
negative asguudé wáyuh asguudé wáytuh asguudé wáyuh asguudé wáytuh asguudé wáynuh asguudé waytóonuh asguudé wóonuh
conjunctive II V-affirmative asguudénkeh tasguudénkeh yasguudénkeh tasguudénkeh nasguudénkeh tasguudeenínkeh yasguudeenínkeh
N-affirmative asguudénke tasguudénke yasguudénke tasguudénke nasguudénke tasguudeenínke yasguudeenínke
negative asguudé wáankeh asguudé waytánkeh asguudé wáankeh asguudé waytánkeh asguudé waynánkeh asguudé waytaanankéh asguudé waanánkeh
jussive affirmative asgúuday tasgúuday yasgúuday tasgúuday nasgúuday tasguudóonay yasguudóonay
negative asguudé wáay asguudé wáytay asguudé wáay asguudé wáytay asguudé wáynay asguudé waytóonay asguudé wóonay
past
conditional 		affirmative asguudinniyóy asguudinnitóy asguudinnáy asguudinnáy asguudinninóy asguudinnitoonúy asguudinnoonúy
negative asguudé wanniyóy asguudé wannitóy asguudé wannáy asguudé wannáy asguudé wanninóy asguudé wannitoonúy asguudé wannoonúy
present
conditional I 		affirmative usguudék tusguudék yusguudék tusguudék nusguudék tusguudeeník yusguudeeník
negative asguudé wéek asguudé wayték asguudé wéek asguudé wayték asguudé waynék asguudé wayteeník asguudé weeník
singular plural singular plural
consultative affirmative asguudóo nasguudóo imperative affirmative usgúud usgúuda
negative maasguudóo manasguudóo negative máasguudin máasguudina
-h converb -i form -k converb -in(n)uh converb -innuk converb infinitive indefinite participle
V-focus N-focus
asgúudih asgúudi asgúuduk asguudínnuh asguudínnuk asguudíyya asguudinnáanih asguudinnáan
Compound tenses
past perfect affirmative perfective + perfective of én or sugé
present perfect affirmative perfective + imperfective of én
future perfect affirmative perfective + prospective of sugé
past progressive -k converb + imperfective of én or sugé
present progressive affirmative imperfect + imperfective of én
future progressive -k converb + prospective of sugé
immediate future affirmative conjunctive I + imperfective of wée
imperfect potential I affirmative conjunctive I + imperfective of takké
imperfect
potential II 		affirmative imperfective + -m + takké
negative asguudé + imperfective of wée + -m + takké
perfect
potential 		affirmative perfective + -m + takké
negative asguudé + perfective of wée + -m + takké
present
conditional II 		affirmative imperfective + object pronoun + tekkék
negative asguudé + perfective of wée + object pronoun + tekkék
perfect
conditional 		affirmative perfective + imperfective of sugé + -k
negative perfective + sugé + imperfective of wée -k
irrealis asguudé + perfective of xaaxé or raaré

References

  • E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “usguude”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎, Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis), page 299
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