zarówno

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Old Polish

Etymology

Univerbation of za +‎ równo. First attested in c. 1480. Compare Old Czech zarovno.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /zarɔːvnɔ/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /zarovnɔ/

Adverb

zarówno

  1. (attested in Greater Poland) the same, identically; with no difference
    • 1858 [c. 1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich, volume 6, Poniec, page 73:
      On dzyedzynny woyth chczyalby czyrpyecz sz myasthem... na szoszye y na gynszym myeszkym placzye zarowno z gynnymy myesczany [stacz] (aequaliter ceteris civibus)
      [On dziedzinny wojt chciałby cirpieć z miastem... na szosie i na jinszym mieskim płacie zarówno z jinnymi mieszczany [stacz] (aequaliter ceteris civibus)]

Descendants

  • Polish: zarówno
  • Silesian: zarōwno

References

  • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “zarówno”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish zarówno. By surface analysis, univerbation of za +‎ równo.

Pronunciation

 
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -uvnɔ
  • Syllabification: za‧rów‧no

Conjunction

zarówno[1]

  1. (strictly with jak) both...and, used to bring the listener's attention to two objects
    Synonym: i... i...
    Wziął z torby zarówno książkę, jak i długopis. ― He took both a book and a pen out of the bag.

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), zarówno is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 58 times in scientific texts, 26 times in news, 44 times in essays, 9 times in fiction, and 1 time in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 138 times, making it the 138th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[2]

Adverb

zarówno (not comparable)

  1. (obsolete) the same, identically; with no difference
  2. (obsolete) equally (at the same as someone else)

References

  1. ^ “zarówno”, in Słownik gramatyczny języka polskiego, 2022
  2. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “zarówno”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 749

Further reading

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