μάχαιρα

Controversial:^[1]

• Traditionally linked to μάχομαι (mákhomai, “to fight”); compare μάχη (mákhē, “a battle, a strife”). Though formally without issues, Chantraine finds this implausible.
• Others consider the word to be from a foreign or substrate source, though exact comparanda are disputed. Lewy considers the word as a Semitic borrowing; compare Hebrew מכרה (mᵉkērā, “sword”). However, Gordon considers the Hebrew to be borrowed from Greek, rather than the other way around.
• Beekes prefers to link the word to μάγειρος (mágeiros, “cook”), taking the γ/χ interchange as evidence of Pre-Greek origin.

μάχαιρα • (mákhaira) f (genitive μᾰχαίρας); first declension

1. large knife, short sword, dirk, dagger

Later Greek used μαχαίρης (makhaírēs) and μαχαίρῃ (makhaírēi) for the singular genitive and dative respectively.

• ⇒ Koine Greek: μαχαίριον (makhaírion) (diminutive)
  • Greek: μαχαίρι (machaíri), μαχαίρα (machaíra, “large knife”)
• → Greek: μάχαιρα (máchaira) (learned)
• → Latin: machaera
• Translingual: †Machairodus

• “μάχαιρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “μάχαιρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “μάχαιρα”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• μάχαιρα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• μάχαιρα in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “μάχαιρα”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G3162 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• μάχαιρα in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • brand idem, page 93.
  • cleaver idem, page 137.
  • dagger idem, page 193.
  • dirk idem, page 226.
  • knife idem, page 470.
  • poniard idem, page 626.
  • rapier idem, page 672.
  • razor idem, page 674.
  • sword idem, page 849.

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek μάχαιρα (mákhaira).^[1] Doublet of μαχαίρι (machaíri).

μάχαιρα • (máchaira) f (uncountable)

1. sword used by the ancient Greeks
2. large knife

• μάχαιρα on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^el