From Proto-Indo-European *kseros (“dry”). Cognates include Latin serescō, Old High German serawēn, Old Armenian չոր (čʻor), Middle Armenian չիր (čʻir), and perhaps Sanskrit क्षार (kṣārá, “sharp, acrid, pungent”). However, the lengthened vowel η where ε would normally be expected is problematic.[1]
ξηρός • (xērós) m (feminine ξηρᾱ́, neuter ξηρόν); first/second declension
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | ξηρός xērós |
ξηρᾱ́ xērā́ |
ξηρόν xērón |
ξηρώ xērṓ |
ξηρᾱ́ xērā́ |
ξηρώ xērṓ |
ξηροί xēroí |
ξηραί xēraí |
ξηρᾰ́ xērá | |||||
Genitive | ξηροῦ xēroû |
ξηρᾶς xērâs |
ξηροῦ xēroû |
ξηροῖν xēroîn |
ξηραῖν xēraîn |
ξηροῖν xēroîn |
ξηρῶν xērôn |
ξηρῶν xērôn |
ξηρῶν xērôn | |||||
Dative | ξηρῷ xērôi |
ξηρᾷ xērâi |
ξηρῷ xērôi |
ξηροῖν xēroîn |
ξηραῖν xēraîn |
ξηροῖν xēroîn |
ξηροῖς xēroîs |
ξηραῖς xēraîs |
ξηροῖς xēroîs | |||||
Accusative | ξηρόν xērón |
ξηρᾱ́ν xērā́n |
ξηρόν xērón |
ξηρώ xērṓ |
ξηρᾱ́ xērā́ |
ξηρώ xērṓ |
ξηρούς xēroús |
ξηρᾱ́ς xērā́s |
ξηρᾰ́ xērá | |||||
Vocative | ξηρέ xēré |
ξηρᾱ́ xērā́ |
ξηρόν xērón |
ξηρώ xērṓ |
ξηρᾱ́ xērā́ |
ξηρώ xērṓ |
ξηροί xēroí |
ξηραί xēraí |
ξηρᾰ́ xērá | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
ξηρῶς xērôs |
ξηρότερος xēróteros |
ξηρότᾰτος xērótatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
ξηρός • (xirós) m (feminine ξηρή or ξηρά, neuter ξηρό)
The use of this form is restricted to special terms, such as those listed below:
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
nominative | ξηρός (xirós) | ξηρή (xirí) ξηρά (xirá) |
ξηρό (xiró) | ξηροί (xiroí) | ξηρές (xirés) | ξηρά (xirá) | |
genitive | ξηρού (xiroú) | ξηρής (xirís) ξηράς (xirás) |
ξηρού (xiroú) | ξηρών (xirón) | ξηρών (xirón) | ξηρών (xirón) | |
accusative | ξηρό (xiró) | ξηρή (xirí) ξηρά (xirá) |
ξηρό (xiró) | ξηρούς (xiroús) | ξηρές (xirés) | ξηρά (xirá) | |
vocative | ξηρέ (xiré) | ξηρή (xirí) ξηρά (xirá) |
ξηρό (xiró) | ξηροί (xiroí) | ξηρές (xirés) | ξηρά (xirá) |
Derivations:
Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο ξηρός, etc.)
Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο ξηρός, etc.)
Derivations: relative superlative: ο + comparative forms (eg "ο ξηρότερος", etc)
|