φόβος
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See also: Φόβος
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Hellenic *pʰógʷos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰógʷos, from *bʰegʷ- (“to run, flee”). See φέβομαι (phébomai, “to flee”) for more.[1]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pʰó.bos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈpʰo.bos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈɸo.βos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈfo.vos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈfo.vos/
Noun
φόβος • (phóbos) m (genitive φόβου); second declension
- fear, terror, alarm, fright, panic
- the act of fleeing: flight, retreat
- awe, reverence
- that which causes fear: terror
Declension
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ φόβος ho phóbos |
τὼ φόβω tṑ phóbō |
οἱ φόβοι hoi phóboi | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ φόβου toû phóbou |
τοῖν φόβοιν toîn phóboin |
τῶν φόβων tôn phóbōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ φόβῳ tôi phóbōi |
τοῖν φόβοιν toîn phóboin |
τοῖς φόβοις toîs phóbois | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν φόβον tòn phóbon |
τὼ φόβω tṑ phóbō |
τοὺς φόβους toùs phóbous | ||||||||||
| Vocative | φόβε phóbe |
φόβω phóbō |
φόβοι phóboi | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | φόβος phóbos |
φόβω phóbō |
φόβοι phóboi | ||||||||||
| Genitive | φόβου / φοβοῖο / φόβοιο / φοβόο / φόβοο phóbou / phoboîo / phóboio / phobóo / phóboo |
φόβοιῐν phóboiin |
φόβων phóbōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | φόβῳ phóbōi |
φόβοιῐν phóboiin |
φόβοισῐ / φόβοισῐν / φόβοις phóboisi(n) / phóbois | ||||||||||
| Accusative | φόβον phóbon |
φόβω phóbō |
φόβους phóbous | ||||||||||
| Vocative | φόβε phóbe |
φόβω phóbō |
φόβοι phóboi | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Descendants
- Greek: φόβος (fóvos)
- Mariupol Greek: фо́вус (fóvus), фо́вос (fóvos)
- English: -phobia, phobia
- Esperanto: fobio
References
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “φόβος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1582
Further reading
- “φόβος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “φόβος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “φόβος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- φόβος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- φόβος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “φόβος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G5401 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- affright idem, page 17.
- alarm idem, page 21.
- apprehension idem, page 36.
- awe idem, page 56.
- consternation idem, page 164.
- dismay idem, page 235.
- disquiet idem, page 238.
- dread idem, page 251.
- fear idem, page 312.
- fright idem, page 345.
- horror idem, page 406.
- intimidation idem, page 454.
- misgiving idem, page 534.
- nervousness idem, page 556.
- scare idem, page 737.
- shock idem, page 767.
- terror idem, page 863.
- timidity idem, page 876.
- trepidation idem, page 893.
- uneasiness idem, page 916.
Greek
Etymology
Inherited from Ancient Greek φόβος (phóbos), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰegʷ- (“to run, to flee”).
Pronunciation
Noun
φόβος • (fóvos) m (plural φόβοι)
- fear
- μην έχεις φόβο ― min écheis fóvo ― don't be afraid (literally, “don't have fear”)
- apprehension, awe
- φόβος των θεών ― fóvos ton theón ― awe of the gods
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | φόβος (fóvos) | φόβοι (fóvoi) |
| genitive | φόβου (fóvou) | φόβων (fóvon) |
| accusative | φόβο (fóvo) | φόβους (fóvous) |
| vocative | φόβε (fóve) | φόβοι (fóvoi) |
Synonyms
- (awe): δέος n (déos)
Related terms
- φοβία f (fovía, “phobia”)
- φοβίζω (fovízo, “to frighten”)
- φοβάμαι (fovámai, “to fear, to be frightened”)
- φοβισμένος (fovisménos, “frightened”)
- φοβερός (foverós, “frightful”)
- φοβερά (foverá, “frightfully”)
- φοβερό (foveró, “terrific!, awesome!”)
- φοβέρα f (fovéra, “threat”)
- φοβητσιάρης (fovitsiáris, “cowardly”)
Further reading
φόβος on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia el
