копа
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See also: копя
Eastern Mari
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Noun
копа • (kopa)
- (anatomy) hand
- (zoology) paw, foot
- (anatomy) palm (inner part of a hand)
- (figuratively) vamp (upper part of shoe)
- (figuratively) blade (of sickle, scythe)
Declension
| Declension of копа | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | копа (kopa) | копа-влак (kopa-vlak) | ||
| accusative | копам (kopam) | копа-влакым (kopa-vlakym) | ||
| genitive | копан (kopan) | копа-влакын (kopa-vlakyn) | ||
| dative | копалан (kopalan) | копа-влаклан (kopa-vlaklan) | ||
| comitative | копаге (kopage) | копа-влакге (kopa-vlakge) | ||
| comparative | копала (kopala) | копа-влакла (kopa-vlakla) | ||
| inessive | копаште (kopašte) | копа-влакыште (kopa-vlakyšte) | ||
| illative (short) | копаш (kopaš) | копа-влакыш (kopa-vlakyš) | ||
| illative (long) | копашке (kopaške) | копа-влакышке (kopa-vlakyške) | ||
| lative | копаш (kopaš) | копа-влакеш (kopa-vlakeš) | ||
| Possessed forms of копа | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |||
| 1st person | копам (kopam) | копана (kopana) | ||
| 2nd person | копат (kopat) | копада (kopada) | ||
| 3rd person | копаже (kopaže) | копашт (kopašt) | ||
References
- V. M. Vasiljev, Z. V. Uchaev (2003) Марийско-Русский словарь, Yoshkar-Ola, →ISBN, page 75
- J. Bradley et al. (2023) “копа”, in The Mari Web Project: Mari-English Dictionary, University of Vienna
Macedonian
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kopati.
Verb
копа • (kopa) third-singular present, impf (perfective ископа)
- (transitive) to dig
- (intransitive, stative, colloquial) to stink
Conjugation
Conjugation of копа (imperfective, present in -а)
| l-participles | imperfect | aorist | non-finite forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | копал | — | adjectival participle | копан | ||
| feminine | копала | — | adverbial participle | копајќи | ||
| neuter | копало | — | verbal noun | копање | ||
| plural | копале | — | perfect participle | копано | ||
| present | imperfect | aorist | imperative | |||
| 1st singular | копам | копав | — | — | ||
| 2nd singular | копаш | копаше | — | копај | ||
| 3rd singular | копа | копаше | — | — | ||
| 1st plural | копаме | копавме | — | — | ||
| 2nd plural | копате | копавте | — | копајте | ||
| 3rd plural | копаат | копаа | — | — | ||
| Compound tenses | ||||||
| perfect | сум копал | present of сум (except in the 3rd person) + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-perfect | имам копано | present of има + perfect participle | ||||
| pluperfect | бев копал | imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-pluperfect | имав копано | imperfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
| има-perfect reported | сум имал копано | perfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future | ќе копам | ќе + present | ||||
| има-future | ќе имам копано | future of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future in the past | ќе копав | ќе + imperfect | ||||
| има-future in the past | ќе имав копано | future in the past of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future reported | ќе сум копал | ќе + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-future reported | ќе сум имал копано | future reported of има + perfect participle | ||||
| conditional | би копал | би + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-conditional | би имал копано | conditional of има + perfect participle | ||||
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kopa.
Noun
копа • (kopa) f
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | копа (kopa) | копи (kopi) |
| definite unspecified | копата (kopata) | копите (kopite) |
| definite proximal | копава (kopava) | копиве (kopive) |
| definite distal | копана (kopana) | копине (kopine) |
| vocative | копо (kopo) | копи (kopi) |
Moksha
Noun
копа • (kopa)
Russian
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kopa.
Pronunciation
Noun
копа́ • (kopá) f inan (genitive копы́, nominative plural ко́пы, genitive plural коп)
Declension
References
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “копа”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Sorokin, Yury S., editor (1998), “копа”, in Словарь русского языка XVIII века [Dictionary of the Russian Language 18th century] (in Russian), volume 10, Saint Petersburg: Nauka, page 159
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Noun
ко́па • (kópa) m inan
Ukrainian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kopa. Compare Belarusian капа́ (kapá), Russian копа́ (kopá).
Pronunciation
Noun
копа́ • (kopá) f inan (genitive копи́, nominative plural ко́пи, genitive plural кіп)
- sixty pieces of something (e.g. sheaves of hay or rye, eggs, etc.)
- (historical) village assembly, rural court
Declension
Declension of копа́ (inan hard fem-form accent-d' о-і)
Further reading
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “копа”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “копа́”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 564
- “копа”, in Горох – Словозміна (in Ukrainian)