שורש

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Hebrew

Root
שׁ־ר־שׁ (sh-r-sh)
3 terms

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *šurš-.

Pronunciation

Noun

שורש / שֹׁרֶשׁ • (šóreš) m (plural indefinite שורשים / שָׁרָשִׁים or שורשים / שֳׁרָשִׁים, singular construct שורש / שֹׁרֶשׁ־)

  1. root (the part of a plant, generally underground, that anchors and supports the plant body, absorbs and stores water and nutrients, and in some plants is able to perform vegetative reproduction)
  2. (by extension) root (i.e. source, basis)
  3. (by extension, linguistics) root (e.g., a triliteral root) of a Semitic word
  4. (by extension, mathematics) root (e.g., square root)

Verb

שורש / שֹׁרַשׁ • (šoráš) (pu'al construction, active counterpart שירש / שֵׁרֵשׁ)

  1. to be rooted out
    • Tanach, Job 31:8, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
      אֶזְרְעָה וְאַחֵר יֹאכֵל וְצֶאֱצָאַי יְשֹׁרָשׁוּ׃
      'ezr'á v'akhér yokhél v'tse'etsa'ái y'shoráshu.
      ʾezrəʿā wəʾaḥēr yōḵēl wəṣeʾĕṣāʾay yəšōrā́šū.
      Then let me sow, and let another eat; yea, let the produce of my field be rooted out.

Conjugation

Conjugation of שורש / שֹׁרַשׁ (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs) 
non-finite forms
  • to-infinitive: —
finite forms singular plural
m. f. m. f.
past first שורשתי / שֹׁרַשְׁתִּי שורשנו / שֹׁרַשְׁנוּ
second שורשת / שֹׁרַשְׁתָּ שורשת / שֹׁרַשְׁתְּ שורשתם / שֹׁרַשְׁתֶּם שורשתן / שֹׁרַשְׁתֶּן
third שורש / שֹׁרַשׁ שורשה / שֹׁרְשָׁה שורשו / שֹׁרְשׁוּ
present משורש / מְשֹׁרָשׁ משורשת / מְשֹׁרֶשֶׁת משורשים / מְשֹׁרָשִׁים משורשות / מְשֹׁרָשׁוֹת
future first אשורש / אֲשֹׁרַשׁ נשורש / נְשֹׁרַשׁ
second תשורש / תְּשֹׁרַשׁ תשורשי / תְּשֹׁרְשִׁי תשורשו / תְּשֹׁרְשׁוּ תשורשנה / תְּשֹׁרַשְׁנָה1
third ישורש / יְשֹׁרַשׁ תשורש / תְּשֹׁרַשׁ ישורשו / יְשֹׁרְשׁוּ תשורשנה / תְּשֹׁרַשְׁנָה1
imperative — — — —1
notes
  1. Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Derived terms

Anagrams

Yiddish

Etymology

From Hebrew שורש / שֹׁרֶשׁ.

Noun

שורש • (shoyresh) m, plural שורשים (shorashem)

  1. (linguistics) Semitic root

Synonyms

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