خطيئة

Arabic

Etymology

Belongs to the root خ ط ء (ḵ-ṭ-ʔ), from which the verb form I خَطِئَ (ḵaṭiʔa, “to err”). Schwally proposed that this concrete noun – and Ge'ez ኀጢአት (ḫäṭiʾät, “sin”) – is borrowed from Classical Syriac ܚܛܝܬܐ (ḥəṭīṯɑ, ḥəṭʾīṯɑ, “sin”). This seems likely as there must be in Geʿez a borrowing because the root there means “to lack, to be in want”.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /xa.tˤiː.ʔa/

Noun

خَطِيئَة • (ḵaṭīʔa) f (plural خَطِيئَات (ḵaṭīʔāt) or خَطَايَا (ḵaṭāyā))

(countable) sin, offense, fault, act of disobedience for which one deserves punishment
(uncountable, especially Christianity) sin as a continuing state
يَعِيشُ فِي الخَطِيئة. ― yaʕīšu fī l-ḵaṭīʔa. ― He’s living in sin.

Declension

Declension of noun خَطِيئَة (ḵaṭīʔa)

Singular	singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خَطِيئَة ḵaṭīʔa	الْخَطِيئَة al-ḵaṭīʔa	خَطِيئَة ḵaṭīʔat
Nominative	خَطِيئَةٌ ḵaṭīʔatun	الْخَطِيئَةُ al-ḵaṭīʔatu	خَطِيئَةُ ḵaṭīʔatu
Accusative	خَطِيئَةً ḵaṭīʔatan	الْخَطِيئَةَ al-ḵaṭīʔata	خَطِيئَةَ ḵaṭīʔata
Genitive	خَطِيئَةٍ ḵaṭīʔatin	الْخَطِيئَةِ al-ḵaṭīʔati	خَطِيئَةِ ḵaṭīʔati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خَطِيئَتَيْن ḵaṭīʔatayn	الْخَطِيئَتَيْن al-ḵaṭīʔatayn	خَطِيئَتَيْ ḵaṭīʔatay
Nominative	خَطِيئَتَانِ ḵaṭīʔatāni	الْخَطِيئَتَانِ al-ḵaṭīʔatāni	خَطِيئَتَا ḵaṭīʔatā
Accusative	خَطِيئَتَيْنِ ḵaṭīʔatayni	الْخَطِيئَتَيْنِ al-ḵaṭīʔatayni	خَطِيئَتَيْ ḵaṭīʔatay
Genitive	خَطِيئَتَيْنِ ḵaṭīʔatayni	الْخَطِيئَتَيْنِ al-ḵaṭīʔatayni	خَطِيئَتَيْ ḵaṭīʔatay
Plural	sound feminine plural‎; broken plural invariable
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خَطِيئَات‎; خَطَايَا ḵaṭīʔāt‎; ḵaṭāyā	الْخَطِيئَات‎; الْخَطَايَا al-ḵaṭīʔāt‎; al-ḵaṭāyā	خَطِيئَات‎; خَطَايَا ḵaṭīʔāt‎; ḵaṭāyā
Nominative	خَطِيئَاتٌ‎; خَطَايَا ḵaṭīʔātun‎; ḵaṭāyā	الْخَطِيئَاتُ‎; الْخَطَايَا al-ḵaṭīʔātu‎; al-ḵaṭāyā	خَطِيئَاتُ‎; خَطَايَا ḵaṭīʔātu‎; ḵaṭāyā
Accusative	خَطِيئَاتٍ‎; خَطَايَا ḵaṭīʔātin‎; ḵaṭāyā	الْخَطِيئَاتِ‎; الْخَطَايَا al-ḵaṭīʔāti‎; al-ḵaṭāyā	خَطِيئَاتِ‎; خَطَايَا ḵaṭīʔāti‎; ḵaṭāyā
Genitive	خَطِيئَاتٍ‎; خَطَايَا ḵaṭīʔātin‎; ḵaṭāyā	الْخَطِيئَاتِ‎; الْخَطَايَا al-ḵaṭīʔāti‎; al-ḵaṭāyā	خَطِيئَاتِ‎; خَطَايَا ḵaṭīʔāti‎; ḵaṭāyā

Alternative forms

خَطِيَّة (ḵaṭiyya)

Related terms

خَطِيئَة أَصْلِيَّة (ḵaṭīʔa ʔaṣliyya, “original sin”)

References

Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 268
Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎ (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 36
Schwally, Friedrich (1898) “Lexikalische Studien”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎ (in German), volume 52, page 132

خطيئة

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