کتاب
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Azerbaijani
Noun
کتاب (kitab) (definite accusative کتابی (kitabı), plural کتابلار (kitablar))
- Arabic spelling of kitab (“book”)
Declension
Declension of کتاب
Khalaj
Noun
کِتاب (kitâb) (definite accusative کِتابؽ, plural کِتابلار)
Declension
Declension of کتاب
Pashto
Etymology
Etymology tree
Borrowed from Classical Persian کِتَاب (kitāb), borrowed from Arabic كِتَاب (kitāb), from ك ت ب (k t b), from Proto-West Semitic *katab-. Compare the Hebrew root כ־ת־ב (k-t-b).
Pronunciation
Noun
کتاب • (kitâb) f (plural کتابونه (kitâbuna))
Declension
declension of کتاب
Persian
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Arabic كِتَاب (kitāb), from ك ت ب (k t b), from Proto-West Semitic *katab-.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key):
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key):
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key):
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | kitāḇ |
| Dari reading? | kitāb |
| Iranian reading? | ketâb |
| Tajik reading? | kitob |
Noun
| Dari | کتاب |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | китоб |
کِتاب • (ketâb) (plural کتب (kotob) or کتاب‌ها (ketâb-hâ))
Declension
| Possessive forms of کتاب (kitāb) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| 1st person singular (“my”) |
کتابم (kitābam) |
کتاب‌هایم (kitāb-hā́yam) کتابایم △ (kitābā́ym) |
| 2nd person singular (“your”) |
کتابت (kitābat) |
کتاب‌هایت (kitāb-hā́yat) کتابایت △ (kitābā́yt) |
| 3rd person singular (“his, her, its”) |
کتابش (kitābaš) کتابشِی △ (kitābšī) |
کتاب‌هایش (kitāb-hā́yaš) کتابایش △ (kitābā́yš) |
| 1st plural (“our”) |
کتابمان (kitābimān) کتابما △ (kitābimā) |
کتاب‌هایمان (kitāb-hā́yimān) کتابایما △ (kitābā́ymā) |
| 2nd plural (“your”) |
کتابتان (kitābitān) |
کتاب‌هایتان (kitāb-hā́yitān) کتابایتان △ (kitābā́ytān) |
| 3rd plural (“their”) |
کتابشان (kitābišān) |
کتاب‌هایشان (kitāb-hā́yišān) کتابایشان △ (kitābā́yšān) |
| △ Colloquial. | ||
| Possessive forms of کتاب (ketâb) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| 1st person singular (“my”) |
کتابم (ketâbam) |
کتاب‌هایم (ketâb-hấyam) کتاب‌هام، کتابام △ (ketâbấm) |
| 2nd person singular (“your”) |
کتابت (ketâbat) △ (ketâbet) |
کتاب‌هایت (ketâb-hấyat) کتاب‌هات، کتابات △ (ketâbất) |
| 3rd person singular (“his, her, its”) |
کتابش (ketâbaš) △ (ketâbeš) |
کتاب‌هایش (ketâb-hấyaš) کتاب‌هاش، کتاباش △ (ketâbấš) |
| 1st plural (“our”) |
کتابمان (ketâbemân) کتابمون △ (ketâbemun) |
کتاب‌هایمان (ketâb-hấyemân) کتاب‌هامون، کتابامون △ (ketâbấmun) |
| 2nd plural (“your”) |
کتابتان (ketâbetân) کتابتون △ (ketâbetun) |
کتاب‌هایتان (ketâb-hấyetân) کتاب‌هاتون، کتاباتون △ (ketâbấtun) |
| 3rd plural (“their”) |
کتابشان (ketâbešân) کتابشون △ (ketâbešun) |
کتاب‌هایشان (ketâb-hấyešân) کتاب‌هاشون، کتاباشون △ (ketâbấšun) |
| △ Colloquial. | ||
Derived terms
- کتابخانه (ketâbxâne)
- کتابدار (ketâbdâr)
- کتابچه (ketâbče)
- کتاب‌فروش (ketâb-foruš)
- کتاب‌فروشی (ketâb-foruši)
Related terms
Descendants
- → Assamese: কিতাপ (kitap)
- → Atong (India): kitap
- → Bengali: কিতাব (kitab)
- → Gujarati: કિતાબ (kitāb)
- → Old Hindi: कतेब (kateba)
- → Northern Luri: کتۋ (ketü)
- → Maithili:
- → Naga Pidgin: kitab
- → Nepali: किताब (kitāb, “book”), किताप (kitāp, “book”)
- Dzongkha: ཀི་ཏབ (ki tab, “book, notebook”)
- → Odia: କିତାବ (kitāba)
- → Old Punjabi: ਕਤੇਬ (kateba)
- → Sindhi:
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Arabic كُتَّاب (kuttāb).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key):
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key):
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key):
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | kuttāḇ |
| Dari reading? | kuttāb |
| Iranian reading? | kottâb |
| Tajik reading? | kuttob |
Noun
| Dari | کتاب |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | куттоб |
کُتّاب • (kottâb)
Punjabi
Etymology
Etymology tree
Borrowed from Classical Persian کِتَاب (kitāb), borrowed from Arabic كِتَاب (kitāb), from ك ت ب (k t b), from Proto-West Semitic *katab-. First attested as Old Punjabi ਕਤੇਬ (kateba).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Punjabi) IPA(key):
- Hyphenation: کِ‧تَاب
Noun
کِتَاب • (kitāb) f (plural کُتُب, Gurmukhi spelling ਕਿਤਾਬ)
Declension
| Declension of کتاب | ||
|---|---|---|
| dir. sg. | کِتَاب (kitāb) | |
| dir. pl. | کِتَاباں (kitābāṉ) | |
| singular | plural | |
| direct | کِتَاب (kitāb) | کِتَاباں (kitābāṉ) |
| oblique | کِتَاب (kitāb) | کِتَاباں (kitābāṉ) |
| vocative | کِتَابے (kitābe) | کِتَابو (kitābo) |
| ablative | کِتَابوں (kitāboṉ) | کِتَاباں (kitābāṉ) |
| locative | کِتَابی (kitābī) | کِتَابِیں (kitābīṉ) |
| instrumental | کِتَابِیں (kitābīṉ) | کِتَابے (kitābe) |
Further reading
- Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “کِتاب”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
- Bashir, Kanwal (2012) “کتاب”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Hyattsville, MD: Dunwoody Press
- “ਕਿਤਾਬ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024
Urdu
Etymology
Etymology tree
Borrowed from Classical Persian کِتَاب (kitāb), borrowed from Arabic كِتَاب (kitāb), from ك ت ب (k t b), from Proto-West Semitic *katab-. Displaced Old Hindi कतेब (kateba), borrowed from the same term. Compare Punjabi کتاب (kitāb), Sindhi ڪِتابُ (kitābu).
Pronunciation
Noun
کِتاب • (kitāb) f (Hindi spelling किताब)
Declension
| Declension of کتاب | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |||||||
| direct | کِتَاب (kitāb) | کِتَابیں (kitābẽ) | ||||||
| oblique | کِتَاب (kitāb) | کِتَابوں (kitābõ) | ||||||
| vocative | کِتَاب (kitāb) | کِتَابو (kitābo) | ||||||
Further reading
- “کتاب”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- “کتاب”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary , Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “کتاب”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
- Platts, John T. (1884) “کتاب”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
Ushojo
Etymology
Etymology tree
Borrowed from Urdu کِتَاب (kitāb).
Noun
کتاب (kitāb)