ἀλόη
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ἀλόη illustration in the Vienna Dioscurides
Ancient Greek
Etymology
As with ἀγᾰ́λοχον (agálokhon, “agalloch”), a loanword from an Eastern language.[1] First attested in the 1st century CE, so apparently acquired via Aramaic, attested in like meaning in Classical Syriac ܥܠܘܝ (ʕalway, ʕelway), Christian Palestinian Aramaic ܥܠܘܐ, ܥܠܘܝܬܐ, Classical Mandaic ࡏࡋࡅࡀࡉࡀ (ʕluaia), ࡀࡋࡅࡀࡉ (ʔluai), from Old Tamil 𑀅𑀓𑀺𑀮𑁰 (akil); compare அகில் (akil, “agarwood”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /a.ló.ɛː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /aˈlo.e̝/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /aˈlo.i/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /aˈlo.i/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /aˈlo.i/
Noun
ἀλόη • (alóē) f (genitive ἀλόης); first declension
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ἡ ἀλόη hē alóē |
τὼ ἀλόᾱ tṑ alóā |
αἱ ἀλόαι hai alóai | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τῆς ἀλόης tês alóēs |
τοῖν ἀλόαιν toîn alóain |
τῶν ἀλοῶν tôn aloôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῇ ἀλόῃ têi alóēi |
τοῖν ἀλόαιν toîn alóain |
ταῖς ἀλόαις taîs alóais | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὴν ἀλόην tḕn alóēn |
τὼ ἀλόᾱ tṑ alóā |
τᾱ̀ς ἀλόᾱς tā̀s alóās | ||||||||||
| Vocative | ἀλόη alóē |
ἀλόᾱ alóā |
ἀλόαι alóai | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ξυλᾱλόη (xulālóē)
Descendants
- Greek: αλόη f (alói)
- → Aramaic:
- Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: אלויס, אלווס, אלוה
- Classical Syriac: ܐܠܘܐܐ, ܐܠܘܐ
- Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: אילווא
- → Arabic: أَلْوَة (ʔalwa)
- → Latin: aloē (see there for further descendants)
- → Old Armenian: հալուէ (haluē)
- → Armenian: հալվե (halve) (learned)
- → Old Georgian: ჰალოჲ (haloy), ალოვჱ (alovē), ალოეჱ (aloeē), ალოჲ (aloy)
- Georgian: ალოე (aloe)
References
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀλόη”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 73
Further reading
- “ἀλόη”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ἀλόη in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἀλόη in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- G250 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- “ˀlwˀˀ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- “ˁlwy”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Brockelmann, Carl (1928) “ܥܠܘܝ”, in Lexicon Syriacum (in Latin), 2nd edition, Halle: Max Niemeyer, published 1995, page 526b
- Greppin, John A. C. (1988) “The Various Aloës in Ancient Times”, in Journal of Indo-European Studies, volume 16, pages 33–48
- Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden (in German), volume 3, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, page 413
- Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 295
- Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 43