ἐρῆμος

• ἔρημος (érēmos) — Attic, early

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁mós (“dark”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁- (“to separate”).^[1] Compare Latin rēte, rārus and Sanskrit ऋते (r̥té).^[2]

ἐρῆμος • (erêmos) m (feminine ἐρήμη, neuter ἐρῆμον); first/second declension

1. lonely, lonesome, solitary
   1. (of places)
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 3.270
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 10.520
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.32
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.32
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.102
      • 175 CE – 235 CE, Claudius Aelianus, On the Nature of Animals 7.48
   2. (of persons or animals)
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.140
      • 472 BCE, Aeschylus, The Persians 734
      • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 862
      • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Women of Trachis 530
      • 409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 228
      • 388 BCE, Aristophanes, Plutus 447
      • 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, Against Alcibiades 15
      • 361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 111
      • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 927C
      • 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Julius Caesar 63
      • 423 BCE, Euripides, The Suppliants 775
      • 446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, Fragments 393
   3. (of conditions)
      • 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1114
      • 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1716
2. (with genitive) bereft of, void or destitute of, undefended
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.32
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.17
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.23
   • 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 57
   • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 1405
   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.96
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.118
   1. (of persons) abandoned by
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.160
      • 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1717
      • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 927D
      • 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 919
      • 4th century BC, Isaeus, Apollodorus 31
   2. (with no bad sense) wanting, without
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.63
      • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 862E
3. (substantive, usually feminine, occasionally masculine) an undefended action, in which one part does not appear, and judgement goes against them by default
   • 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, First Tetralogy 1.7
   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 6.61
   • 361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 81
   • 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, For Polystratus 18
   • 361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 85
   • 361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 87
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Apatourius 33
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Boeotus 2 17
   • 361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 93
   • 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 18C
4. (feminine substantive) desert

• ἐρημῑ́της (erēmī́tēs)
• ἐρημόω (erēmóō)

• → Coptic: ⲉⲣⲏⲙⲟⲥ (erēmos)
• → Latin: erēmus, herēmus

From the Attic form ἔρημος (érēmos):

• Greek: έρημος (érimos)

• “ἐρῆμος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἐρῆμος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἐρῆμος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἐρῆμος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἐρῆμος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “ἐρῆμος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • abandoned idem, page 1.
  • bare idem, page 62.
  • barren idem, page 63.
  • benighted idem, page 74.
  • bereft idem, page 74.
  • blank idem, page 81.
  • blasted idem, page 82.
  • defenceless idem, page 204.
  • denude idem, page 211.
  • depopulated idem, page 212.
  • deprive idem, page 213.
  • desert idem, page 215.
  • deserted idem, page 215.
  • desolate idem, page 216.
  • destitute idem, page 218.
  • devoid of idem, page 220.
  • disconsolate idem, page 230.
  • dreary idem, page 252.
  • empty idem, page 269.
  • exposed idem, page 295.
  • forlorn idem, page 338.
  • forsaken idem, page 339.
  • hermit idem, page 397.
  • isolated idem, page 461.
  • lonely idem, page 498.
  • naked idem, page 550.
  • out of idem, page 581.
  • recluse idem, page 679.
  • retired idem, page 707.
  • secluded idem, page 746.
  • sequestered idem, page 754.
  • solitary idem, page 792.
  • sterile idem, page 816.
  • unfrequented idem, page 919.
  • uninhabited idem, page 922.
  • unoccupied idem, page 926.
  • unpeopled idem, page 927.
  • untenanted idem, page 934.
  • untravelled idem, page 935.
  • untraversed idem, page 935.
  • untrodden idem, page 935.
  • vacant idem, page 941.
  • void idem, page 956.
  • waste idem, page 965.
  • wasted idem, page 965.
  • wild idem, page 979.