ἔοικα

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Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to become equal, be fitting”), albeit with no certain cognates outside of Greek; Lithuanian vỹkti (“to occur, happen”) has been compared, but the Lithuanian is more likely to derive from *weyk- (“to overcome”), which appears to be separate from *weyk- in the "fit" meaning. Cognate with εἰκών (eikṓn), εἴκελος (eíkelos), εἰκάζω (eikázō).[1]

Pronunciation

 

Verb

ἔοικα • (éoika)

  1. (impersonal, imperfect and aorist) to seem likely
  2. (perfect and pluperfect)
    1. to be like, to look like
    2. to seem , to seem likely
      1. (ἔοικε as interjection) so it seems; probably
    3. to beseem, befit, be appropriate for
      1. (impersonal, ἔοικε) it is fitting; to be right, seemly, reasonable

Inflection

The perfect tense has a present sense. The third-person singular imperfect εἶκε (eîke) is only used once, in Odyssey 18.520, unless this form is from the verb εἴκω (eíkō) instead. The future εἴξω (eíxō, “will be like”) likewise only appears once, in Aristophanes, The Clouds 1001.

   Perfect: ἔοικᾰ (Epic, Attic)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἔοικᾰ ἔοικᾰς ἔοικε(ν) ἐοίκᾰτον ἐοίκᾰτον ἐοίκᾰμεν ἐοίκᾰτε ἐοίκᾱσῐ(ν)
subjunctive ἐοίκω ἐοίκῃς ἐοίκῃ ἐοίκητον ἐοίκητον ἐοίκωμεν ἐοίκητε ἐοίκωσῐ(ν)
optative ἐοίκοιμῐ,
ἐοικοίην 		ἐοίκοις,
ἐοικοίης 		ἐοίκοι,
ἐοικοίη 		ἐοίκοιτον ἐοικοίτην ἐοίκοιμεν ἐοίκοιτε ἐοίκοιεν
imperative   ἔοικε ἐοικέτω ἐοίκετον ἐοικέτων   ἐοίκετε ἐοικόντων
active
infinitive ἐοικέναι
participle m ἐοικώς,
εἰκώς,
ἐϊκώς
f ἐοικυῖᾰ,
εἰκυῖᾰ,
ἐϊκυῖᾰ
n ἐοικός,
εἰκός,
ἐϊκός
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Pluperfect: ἐῴκειν (Epic, Attic)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐῴκειν,
ἐῴκη 		ἐῴκεις,
ἐῴκης 		ἐῴκει(ν) ἐῴκετον ἐΐκτην ἐῴκεμεν ἐῴκετε ἐῴκεσᾰν,
ἐοίκεσᾰν
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Future: εἴξω, εἴξομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative εἴξω εἴξεις εἴξει εἴξετον εἴξετον εἴξομεν εἴξετε εἴξουσῐ(ν)
optative εἴξοιμῐ εἴξοις εἴξοι εἴξοιτον εἰξοίτην εἴξοιμεν εἴξοιτε εἴξοιεν
middle indicative εἴξομαι εἴξῃ,
εἴξει 		εἴξεται εἴξεσθον εἴξεσθον εἰξόμεθᾰ εἴξεσθε εἴξονται
optative εἰξοίμην εἴξοιο εἴξοιτο εἴξοισθον εἰξοίσθην εἰξοίμεθᾰ εἴξοισθε εἴξοιντο
active middle
infinitive εἴξειν εἴξεσθαι
participle m εἴξων εἰξόμενος
f εἴξουσᾰ εἰξομένη
n εἶξον εἰξόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: εἶξᾰ, εἰξᾰ́μην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative εἶξᾰ εἶξᾰς εἶξε(ν) εἴξᾰτον εἰξᾰ́την εἴξᾰμεν εἴξᾰτε εἶξᾰν
subjunctive εἴξω εἴξῃς εἴξῃ εἴξητον εἴξητον εἴξωμεν εἴξητε εἴξωσῐ(ν)
optative εἴξαιμῐ εἴξειᾰς,
εἴξαις 		εἴξειε(ν),
εἴξαι 		εἴξαιτον εἰξαίτην εἴξαιμεν εἴξαιτε εἴξειᾰν,
εἴξαιεν
imperative   εἶξον εἰξᾰ́τω εἴξᾰτον εἰξᾰ́των   εἴξᾰτε εἰξᾰ́ντων
middle indicative εἰξᾰ́μην εἴξω εἴξᾰτο εἴξᾰσθον εἰξᾰ́σθην εἰξᾰ́μεθᾰ εἴξᾰσθε εἴξᾰντο
subjunctive εἴξωμαι εἴξῃ εἴξηται εἴξησθον εἴξησθον εἰξώμεθᾰ εἴξησθε εἴξωνται
optative εἰξαίμην εἴξαιο εἴξαιτο εἴξαισθον εἰξαίσθην εἰξαίμεθᾰ εἴξαισθε εἴξαιντο
imperative   εἶξαι εἰξᾰ́σθω εἴξᾰσθον εἰξᾰ́σθων   εἴξᾰσθε εἰξᾰ́σθων
active middle
infinitive εἶξαι εἴξᾰσθαι
participle m εἴξᾱς εἰξᾰ́μενος
f εἴξᾱσᾰ εἰξᾰμένη
n εἶξᾰν εἰξᾰ́μενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἔοικα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 435

Further reading

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia