五段活用

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五段活用

Wikipedia ^ja

Compound of 五段 (godan, “pentagrade; five-grade”) +‎ 活用 (katsuyō, “conjugation”).

Literally, 五段 (godan, “five grades”) refers to how the inflected endings are located in the gojūon table. It means five vowels are involved, since each 段 (dan, “row”) of the table contains one vowel. Thus, this can be understood as "five-voweled conjugation".

• (Tokyo) ごだんかつよー (Nakadaka – )^[1]
• IPA^(key):

五(ご)段(だん)活(かつ)用(よう) • (godan katsuyō) ^{←ごだんくわつよう (godan kwatuyou)?}

1. (grammar) a verbal conjugation class consisting of five alternating bases: -a, -i, -u, -e, and -o

   An extension of the earlier 四段活用 (yodan katsuyō, “quadrigrade conjugation”) class.

   The fifth base, -o, is a pseudo-base derived from the suffix う (-u) attaching to the irrealis conjugation stem that ends in -a, resulting in あう (-au), which phonologically regularly elides into [oː].

• Category:Japanese godan verbs