昨夜

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Chinese

yesterday night
simp. and trad.
(昨夜)

Pronunciation


Note: zok6 je6 - prescribed.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (15) (36)
Final () (103) (100)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () I III
Fanqie
Baxter dzak yaeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/d͡zɑk̚/ /jiaH/
Pan
Wuyun
/d͡zɑk̚/ /jiaH/
Shao
Rongfen
/d͡zɑk̚/ /iaH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/d͡zak̚/ /jiaH/
Li
Rong
/d͡zɑk̚/ /iaH/
Wang
Li
/d͡zɑk̚/ /jĭaH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/d͡zʱɑk̚/ /i̯aH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zuó
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zok6 je6

Noun

昨夜

  1. last night

Synonyms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (昨夜):
  • Japanese: (さく)() (sakuya)
  • Korean: 작야(昨夜) (jagya)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
さく
Grade: 4

Grade: 2
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 昨夜 (MC dzak yaeH).

Pronunciation

Noun

(さく)() (sakuya

  1. (formal) last night

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
ゆうべ
Grade: 4 Grade: 2
jukujikun

Shift from 夕べ (yūbe, evening), which has an additional 平板型 (heiban-gata) or accent pitch.

The kanji spelling is from sakuya above.

Cognate with Northern Amami Ōshima ゆぶぃ (yubï, last night).

Pronunciation

Noun

昨夜(ゆうべ) (yūbeゆふべ (yufube)?

  1. (colloquial) last night

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
ゆんべ
Grade: 4 Grade: 2
jukujikun

/juɸube/ → */juːbe//junbe//jumbe/

Shift from yūbe above.[1][2][3]

Pronunciation

Noun

昨夜(ゆんべ) (yunbe

  1. (archaic, colloquial) last night, yestereve, yesternight

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
よべ
Grade: 4 Grade: 2
jukujikun
This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “From (yoi, evening) or (yo, night) +‎ (-he, direction, location)?”

The kanji spelling is from sakuya above.

Noun

昨夜(よべ) (yobe

  1. (archaic, obsolete) last night, yestereve, yesternight

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
よんべ
Grade: 4 Grade: 2
jukujikun

/jobe/ → */joːbe//jonbe//jombe/

Shift from yobe above.[1][2]

The kanji spelling is from sakuya above.

Noun

昨夜(よんべ) (yonbe

  1. (archaic, obsolete) last night, yestereve, yesternight

Etymology 6

Kanji in this term
きそ
Grade: 4 Grade: 2
jukujikun
For pronunciation and definitions of 昨夜 – see the following entry.
昨日きそ
last night
yesterday
(This term, 昨夜, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

See also

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN