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Chinese
| dirt; filth | to catch (a disease); dye | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (污染/汙染/汚染) | 污/汙/汚 | 染 | |
| simp. (污染) | 污 | 染 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): wu1 jim5
- Hakka
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): u4 zieng3
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: wūrǎn
- Zhuyin: ㄨ ㄖㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wurǎn
- Wade–Giles: wu1-jan3
- Yale: wū-rǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: uraan
- Palladius: ужань (užanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /u⁵⁵ ʐän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: wu1 jim5
- Yale: wū yíhm
- Cantonese Pinyin: wu1 jim5
- Guangdong Romanization: wu1 yim5
- Sinological IPA (key): /wuː⁵⁵ jiːm¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vû-ngiam
- Hakka Romanization System: vuˊ ngiam
- Hagfa Pinyim: vu1 ngiam4
- Sinological IPA: /vu²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯am⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: vuˋ ngiam˖
- Sinological IPA: /vu⁵³ ŋiam³³/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: u4 zieng3
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: u̍-ciâng
- Sinological IPA (key): /u⁴²⁻⁵⁵ t͡siɛŋ⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: u4 zieng3
- Sinological IPA (key): /u⁴²⁻⁵⁵ t͡siɛŋ³³²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ù-liám
- Tâi-lô: ù-liám
- Phofsit Daibuun: uoliarm
- IPA (Quanzhou): /u⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liam⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: u-liám
- Tâi-lô: u-liám
- Phofsit Daibuun: uliarm
- IPA (Taipei): /u⁴⁴⁻³³ liam⁵³/
- IPA (Xiamen): /u⁴⁴⁻²² liam⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: u-jiám
- Tâi-lô: u-jiám
- Phofsit Daibuun: ujiarm
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /u⁴⁴⁻³³ ziam⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /u⁴⁴⁻²² d͡ziam⁵³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ù-jiám
- Tâi-lô: ù-jiám
- Phofsit Daibuun: uojiarm
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /u²¹⁻⁴¹ ziam⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Longyan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: u-giám
- Tâi-lô: u-giám
- Phofsit Daibuun: u'giarm
- IPA (Longyan): /u³³⁴ ɡiam²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: u1 riam2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: u jiám
- Sinological IPA (key): /u³³⁻²³ d͡ziam⁵²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
Verb
污染
- (literally, figuratively) to pollute; to contaminate
Antonyms
Derived terms
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 污 | 染 |
Noun
污染
Adjective
污染