責める

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
責
せ
Grade: 5
kun'yomi

Etymology

From the classical lower bigrade verb(マ行下二段活用) せむ. Cognate with 攻(せ)める (semeru), 迫(せま)る (semaru), 狭(せば)める (sebameru), 狭(せば)まる (sebamaru), and 狭(せま)い (semai).

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「責める」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形) 		責める せめる
Imperative (命令形) 責めろ せめろ
Key constructions
Passive 責められる せめられる
Causative 責めさせる せめさせる
Potential 責められる せめられる
Volitional 責めよう せめよー
Negative 責めない せめない
Negative perfective 責めなかった せめなかった
Formal 責めます せめます
Perfective 責めた せめた
Conjunctive 責めて せめて
Hypothetical conditional 責めれば せめれば

Verb

責(せ)める • (semeru) transitive ichidan (stem 責(せ)め (seme), past 責(せ)めた (semeta))

  1. to blame
  2. to scold
  3. to pester, to press someone to do something
  4. to torment

Conjugation

Conjugation of "責める" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 責め せめ seme
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 責め せめ seme
Shūshikei ("terminal") 責める せめる semeru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 責める せめる semeru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 責めれ せめれ semere
Meireikei ("imperative") 責めよ¹
責めろ² 		せめよ¹
せめろ² 		semeyo¹
semero²
Key constructions
Passive 責められる せめられる semerareru
Causative 責めさせる
責めさす 		せめさせる
せめさす 		semesaseru
semesasu
Potential 責められる
責めれる³ 		せめられる
せめれる³ 		semerareru
semereru³
Volitional 責めよう せめよう semeyō
Negative 責めない
責めぬ
責めん 		せめない
せめぬ
せめん 		semenai
semenu
semen
Negative continuative 責めず せめず semezu
Formal 責めます せめます sememasu
Perfective 責めた せめた semeta
Conjunctive 責めて せめて semete
Hypothetical conditional 責めれば せめれば semereba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

Synonyms

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
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