어렵다

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Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 어렵〮다〮 (Yale: èlyép-tá).

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?eoryeopda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?eolyeobda
McCune–Reischauer?ŏryŏpta
Yale Romanization?elyepta

Adjective

어렵다 • (eoryeopda) (irregular, infinitive 어려워, sequential 어려우니)

  1. to be difficult, to be hard
    Antonym: 쉽다 (swipda)
    시험이 어려웠니? ― Siheom-i eoryeowonni? ― Was the examination difficult?
  2. to be difficult, to be awkward, to be particular (e.g. a person's taste in food)
  3. to be poor, to be suffering from poverty

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 어렵다 (eoryeopda): consonant-stem, ㅂ(b)-irregular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체) 		Informal non-polite
(해체) 		Informal polite
(해요체) 		Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 어렵다
eoryeopda 		어려워
eoryeowo 		어려워요
eoryeowoyo 		어렵습니다
eoryeopseumnida
Past 어려웠다
eoryeowotda 		어려웠어
eoryeowosseo 		어려웠어요
eoryeowosseoyo 		어려웠습니다
eoryeowotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 어려우냐
eoryeounya 		어려워
eoryeowo 		어려워요
eoryeowoyo 		어렵습니까
eoryeopseumnikka
Past 어려웠냐
eoryeowonnya 		어려웠어
eoryeowosseo 		어려웠어요
eoryeowosseoyo 		어려웠습니까
eoryeowotseumnikka
Assertive 어렵겠다
eoryeopgetda		 어렵겠어
eoryeopgesseo		 어렵겠어요
eoryeopgesseoyo		 어렵겠습니다
eoryeopgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 어려워
eoryeowo		 어려워서
eoryeowoseo		 어려우니
eoryeouni		 어려우니까
eoryeounikka
Contrast 어렵지만
eoryeopjiman		 어려운데
eoryeounde		 어렵더니
eoryeopdeoni
Conjunction 어렵고
eoryeopgo
Condition 어려우면
eoryeoumyeon		 어려워야
eoryeowoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 어려움
eoryeoum		 어렵기
eoryeopgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 어려웠음
eoryeowosseum		 어려웠기
eoryeowotgi
Determiners Present 어려운
eoryeoun
Future 어려울
eoryeoul


Sentence-final forms with honorific
Plain (해라체) Informal (해체) Polite (해요체) Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 어려우시다
eoryeousida 		어려우셔
eoryeousyeo 		어려우세요, 어려우셔요
eoryeouseyo, eoryeousyeoyo 		어려우십니다
eoryeousimnida
Past 어려우셨다
eoryeousyeotda 		어려우셨어
eoryeousyeosseo 		어려우셨어요
eoryeousyeosseoyo 		어려우셨습니다
eoryeousyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 어려우시냐
eoryeousinya 		어려우셔
eoryeousyeo 		어려우세요, 어려우셔요
eoryeouseyo, eoryeousyeoyo 		어려우십니까
eoryeousimnikka
Past 어려우셨냐
eoryeousyeonnya 		어려우셨어
eoryeousyeosseo 		어려우셨어요
eoryeousyeosseoyo 		어려우셨습니까
eoryeousyeotseumnikka
Assertive 어려우시겠다
eoryeousigetda		 어려우시겠어
eoryeousigesseo		 어려우시겠어요
eoryeousigesseoyo		 어려우시겠습니다
eoryeousigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 어려우셔
eoryeousyeo		 어려우셔서
eoryeousyeoseo		 어려우시니
eoryeousini		 어려우시니까
eoryeousinikka
Contrast 어려우시지만
eoryeousijiman		 어려우신데
eoryeousinde		 어려우시더니
eoryeousideoni
Conjunction 어려우시고
eoryeousigo
Condition 어려우시면
eoryeousimyeon		 어려우셔야
eoryeousyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 어려우심
eoryeousim		 어려우시기
eoryeousigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 어려우셨음
eoryeousyeosseum		 어려우셨기
eoryeousyeotgi
Determiners Present 어려우신
eoryeousin
Future 어려우실
eoryeousil
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