ísť

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Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey-. Cognate with English exit, adit, and Latin (to go). Probably, the infinitive was reshaped after Proto-Slavic *sěsti (to sit).

Pronunciation

Verb

ísť impf (perfective dôjsť)

  1. to go
  2. to walk

Usage notes

  • When a prefix ending with a vowel is attached to ísť, the initial í- changes to j- and the final vowel often becomes long or diphthongised, e.g. in nejsť (the negative form), prejsť (to cross), zájsť (to go), dôjsť (to arrive), etc. If the prefix ends with -i, the initial vowel is completely assimilated: prísť (to come) (pri- + ísť).
  • The l-participle (used for forming the past and the conditional) has two completely interchangable forms: 1) šiel, šla, šlo, šli or 2) išiel, išla, išlo, išli. Compounds of ísť use the shorter form with the short form of the prefix (e.g. došiel < dôjsť (to arrive)).

Conjugation

Further reading

  • ísť”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024