Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *eitei, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éyti (“to go”). Cognates include Lithuanian eĩti (“to go, walk”), Latin eō (“to go”).

The suppletive past participle stem *šьd- is likely from the same root as *xoditi, although the exact derivation of the form is problematic.

Verb

*jьti impf

1. to go

Conjugation

Derived terms

• *dojьti (“to arrive”)
• *najьti (“to chance upon, to find”)
• *niz(о)jьti (“to descend, to go down”)
• *ob(о)jьti (“to go around, to evade”)
• *perjьti (“to get across”)
• *pojьti (“to depart”)
• *prijьti (“to approach, to come towards”)
• *projьti (“to pass by, to overpass”)
• *vъz(o)jьti (“to accend, to go up”)
• *zajьti (“to proceed”)

Descendants

ісці́ (iscí), идти́ (idtí), iść, ísť are back-formed from the present stem and/or after Proto-Slavic *sěsti (to sit).

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: ити (iti)
    • Old Ruthenian: ити́ (ití), исти́ (istí)
      • Belarusian: ісці́ (iscí), йсці (jsci)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: ити́ (ytý)
      • Ukrainian: іти́ (itý), йти (jty)
    • Russian: идти́ (idtí)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:
    • Old Cyrillic script: ити (iti), шьды (šĭdy), -жды (-ždy)
    • Glagolitic script: ⰹⱅⰹ (iti)
  • Bulgarian: и́да (ída), и́двам (ídvam)
  • Macedonian: иде (ide)
  • Serbo-Croatian:
    • Cyrillic script: ѝћи
    • Latin script: ìći
  • Slovene: īti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: jíti
    • Czech: jít
  • Old Polish: ić
    • Masurian: iszcz (through regularization)
    • Polish: iść (through regularization)
    • Silesian: iść (through regularization)
  • Slovak: ísť
  • Polabian: ai̯t
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: jic
    • Slovincian: jyc
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: hić
    • Lower Sorbian: hyś

Further reading

• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “идти”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 337
• Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893) “идти”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎ (in Russian), volumes 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 1023

References