θηριακή

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Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

θηρῐᾰκᾱ́ (thēriakā́)

Etymology

From θηρῐᾰκός (thēriakós, “of little beasts”), here particularly associated with poisonous reptiles.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tʰɛː.ri.a.kɛ̌ː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /tʰe̝.ri.aˈke̝/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /θi.ri.aˈci/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /θi.ri.aˈci/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /θi.ri.aˈci/

Noun

θηρῐᾰκή • (thēriakḗ) f (genitive θηρῐᾰκῆς); first declension

an antidote against a poisonous bite

Inflection

First declension of ἡ θηρῐᾰκή; τῆς θηρῐᾰκῆς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ θηρῐᾰκή hē thēriakḗ	τὼ θηρῐᾰκᾱ́ tṑ thēriakā́	αἱ θηρῐᾰκαί hai thēriakaí
Genitive	τῆς θηρῐᾰκῆς tês thēriakês	τοῖν θηρῐᾰκαῖν toîn thēriakaîn	τῶν θηρῐᾰκῶν tôn thēriakôn
Dative	τῇ θηρῐᾰκῇ têi thēriakêi	τοῖν θηρῐᾰκαῖν toîn thēriakaîn	ταῖς θηρῐᾰκαῖς taîs thēriakaîs
Accusative	τὴν θηρῐᾰκήν tḕn thēriakḗn	τὼ θηρῐᾰκᾱ́ tṑ thēriakā́	τᾱ̀ς θηρῐᾰκᾱ́ς tā̀s thēriakā́s
Vocative	θηρῐᾰκή thēriakḗ	θηρῐᾰκᾱ́ thēriakā́	θηρῐᾰκαί thēriakaí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

→ Aramaic:
Jewish Palestinian Aramaic, Jewish Literary Aramaic, Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: תִּירְיָיקָא / תִּרְיָיקָא / תִּירְיָאקָא / תִּרְיָאקָא (teryāqā), תִּירְיָיקִי / תִּרְיָיקִי / תִּירְיָקִי / תִּרְיָקִי (teryāqī)

Classical Syriac: ܬܸܪܝܲܩܹܐ / ܬܸܪܝܲܩܹܝ (teryaqē)
- → Arabic: تِرْيَاق (tiryāq), دِرْيَاق (diryāq), تِرْيَاقَة (tiryāqa)
  - → Persian: تریاق (taryâq, teryâq) (archaic)
→ Old English: tiriaca
→ Latin: thēriaca, thēriacē, thȳriaca, thīriaca, tȳriaca, tīriaca, tēriaca
- → English: theriaca
- Old French: triacle f or m
  - Middle French: triacle f or m
    - French: triacle f or m
  - → Middle Dutch: triakel
  - → Middle English: triacle, triacul, triakle, triakel, triakele, triakil, treacle, treacul, treakil, treakille
    - English: treacle
    - → Welsh: triagl
  - → Middle High German: triakel f or m, driakel, triaker, driaker
    - German: Triakel m or f, Driakel m or f, Driaker m, Triaker m, Dreiocker m etc.
- → Czech: dryák
- → Middle French: thériaque
  - French: thériaque
  - → English: theriac
- → Old Norse: tréhakl
- Sicilian: triaca
→ Persian: تریاک (taryâk, teryâk, “opium”)
→ Old Armenian: թիւրակէ (tʻiwrakē)

References

θηριακή in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
θηριακή in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften

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