вила
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вила
Bulgarian
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Proto-Slavic *vidla, an instrumental noun from ви́я (víja, “to twine, to curve”) + -ла (-la, “instrumental suffix”).
Noun
ви́ла • (víla) f
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | ви́ла víla |
ви́ли víli |
| definite | ви́лата vílata |
ви́лите vílite |
Derived terms
- ви́ла за копа́ене (víla za kopáene, “digging fork”)
- ви́лица (vílica), (dialectal) ви́лка (vílka, “fork”)
- гради́нска ви́ла (gradínska víla, “garden fork”)
- мотови́ла (motovíla), мотови́лка (motovílka, “reel, rocker”)
References
- “вила¹”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “вила¹”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
Etymology 2
From Proto-Slavic *vila, probably akin to Bulgarian ви́хър (víhǎr, “gale, wind torrent”), вие́лица (viélica, “blizzard”).
Another hypothesis (per Vasmer) relates the word to Proto-Indo-European *weh₁y- (“to chase, to pursue”), presumably with an original meaning prosecutor, haunter.
Noun
ви́ла • (víla) f
- vila (mythological creature from Slavic mythology similar to nymphs and fairies)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | ви́ла víla |
ви́ли víli |
| definite | ви́лата vílata |
ви́лите vílite |
Derived terms
- самови́ла (samovíla, “nymph”)
- вилени́к m (vileník), вилени́ца f (vileníca, “person possessed/abducted by a vilas”)
See also
- ди́ва (díva), диви́ня (divínja, “demon, evil spirit”)
- самоди́ва (samodíva, “nymph”)
- руса́лия (rusálija, “nymph of fertility”), руса́лка (rusálka, “siren”)
- ю́да (júda, “malevolent nymph”)
References
- “вила²”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “вила²”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Latin vīlla. Akin to dialectal Bulgarian вес (ves, “small settlement, camp, dwelling”) (outdated, historical).
Noun
ви́ла • (víla) f (relational adjective ви́лен)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | ви́ла víla |
ви́ли víli |
| definite | ви́лата vílata |
ви́лите vílite |
References
- “вила³”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “вила³”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
Komi-Permyak
Etymology
Borrowed from Russian ви́лы (víly).
Pronunciation
Noun
вила́ • (vilá)
Declension
| Declension of вила (stem: вила-) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | вила (vila) | вилаэз (vilaez) | |
| accusative | I* | вила (vila) | вилаэз (vilaez) |
| II* | вилаӧс (vilaös) | вилаэзӧс (vilaezös) | |
| instrumental | вилаӧн (vilaön) | вилаэзӧн (vilaezön) | |
| comitative | вилакӧт (vilaköt) | вилаэзкӧт (vilaezköt) | |
| caritive | вилатӧг (vilatög) | вилаэзтӧг (vilaeztög) | |
| consecutive | вилала (vilala) | вилаэзла (vilaezla) | |
| genitive | вилалӧн (vilalön) | вилаэзлӧн (vilaezlön) | |
| ablative | вилалісь (vilaliś) | вилаэзлісь (vilaezliś) | |
| dative | вилалӧ (vilalö) | вилаэзлӧ (vilaezlö) | |
| inessive | вилаын (vilayn) | вилаэзын (vilaezyn) | |
| elative | вилаись (vilaiś) | вилаэзісь (vilaeziś) | |
| illative | вилаӧ (vilaö) | вилаэзӧ (vilaezö) | |
| egressive | виласянь (vilaśań) | вилаэзсянь (vilaezśań) | |
| approximative | вилалань (vilalań) | вилаэзлань (vilaezlań) | |
| terminative | I | вилаӧдз (vilaödź) | вилаэзӧдз (vilaezödź) |
| II | вилави (vilavi) | вилаэзви (vilaezvi) | |
| prolative | вилаӧт (vilaöt) | вилаэзӧт (vilaezöt) | |
| *) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I. | |||
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References
- R. M. Batalova, A. S. Krivoshchekova-Gantman (1985) Коми-пермяцко-русский словарь , Moscow: Русский язык
Macedonian
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vila.
Noun
Related terms
- самовила f (samovila)
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vidla.
Noun
Derived terms
- вилар m (vilar)
Related terms
Etymology 3
Noun
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | вила (vila) | вили (vili) |
| definite unspecified | вилата (vilata) | вилите (vilite) |
| definite proximal | вилава (vilava) | виливе (vilive) |
| definite distal | вилана (vilana) | вилине (viline) |
| vocative | вило (vilo) | вили (vili) |
Russian
Pronunciation
Verb
вила́ • (vilá)
- feminine singular past indicative imperfective of вить (vitʹ)
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vila. Cognate with Bulgarian самовила (samovila) and вила (vila, “fairy”), Slovene vila (“fairy living in the forest or in the water”), Russian вила́ (vilá) and Slovak víla (“fairy”). According to Vasmer, non-Slavic cognates include Old Norse veiðr (“hunt”) and Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (vaiieiti, “he pursuits, frightens”).
Pronunciation
Noun
ви́ла f (Latin spelling víla)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | вила | виле |
| genitive | виле | вила |
| dative | вили | вилама |
| accusative | вилу | виле |
| vocative | вило | виле |
| locative | вили | вилама |
| instrumental | вилом | вилама |
Further reading
- “вила”, in Hrvatski jezični portal (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Noun
ви̏ла f (Latin spelling vȉla)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ви̏ла | виле |
| genitive | виле | ви̑ла̄ |
| dative | вили | вилама |
| accusative | вилу | виле |
| vocative | вило | виле |
| locative | вили | вилама |
| instrumental | вилом | вилама |
Further reading
- “вила”, in Hrvatski jezični portal (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “вила”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress