الشام

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Arabic

Alternative forms

Etymology

    From the root ش ء م (š-ʔ-m), a variant of ش م ل (š-m-l); contrasted with اليَمَن (al-yaman) from *yamīn- (right-hand side; southward). Cognate with Hebrew שְׂמֹאל (s'mól, left), Akkadian 𒆏 (šumēlum, left side), Aramaic סְמָלָא / ܣܡܠܐ (semālā, left side), Ugaritic 𐎌𐎎𐎀𐎍 (šmảl). The northern sense derives from the left-hand side oriented with the sunrise, also attested in Old South Arabian 𐩦𐩱𐩣 (s²ʾm, North).

    The “Greater Syria, the Levant” sense is an ellipsis of بِلَاد الشَّام (bilād aš-šām).

    Proper noun

    الشَّام (aš-šāmf

    1. Damascus (the capital city of Syria)
      Synonym: دِمَشْق (dimašq)
      الشَّام القَدِيمَة
      aš-šām al-qadīma
      Old Damascus

    Declension

    Proper noun

    الشَّام (aš-šāmm

    1. Greater Syria, the Levant (a region of Western Asia, in the Middle East)
      Synonym: بِلَاد الشَّام (bilād aš-šām)

    Declension

    Descendants

    South Levantine Arabic

    Etymology

    From Arabic الشَّام (aš-šām).

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ʃʃaːm/,
    • Audio (Ramallah):(file)

    Proper noun

    الشام (iš-šāmf

    1. Damascus (the capital city of Syria)
      Synonym: (formal) دمشق (dimašq)

    Derived terms