جناح
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Arabic
Etymology 1
Uncertain; no Semitic cognates exist which are not suspected to be borrowed from Arabic. Likely related to Egyptian ḏnḥ, either through inheritance or through borrowing; also compare جَنَحَ (janaḥa, “to lean”) (both referring to the concept of side).
Pronunciation
Noun
جَنَاح • (janāḥ) m (plural أَجْنِحَة (ʔajniḥa) or أَجْنُح (ʔajnuḥ))
- wing (organ of flight)
- wing (part of army)
- wing (part of building)
- shoulder, arm, hand
- side, edge
- fin
- projecting roof
- protection, refuge
Declension
Declension of noun جَنَاح (janāḥ)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | جَنَاح janāḥ |
الْجَنَاح al-janāḥ |
جَنَاح janāḥ |
| Nominative | جَنَاحٌ janāḥun |
الْجَنَاحُ al-janāḥu |
جَنَاحُ janāḥu |
| Accusative | جَنَاحًا janāḥan |
الْجَنَاحَ al-janāḥa |
جَنَاحَ janāḥa |
| Genitive | جَنَاحٍ janāḥin |
الْجَنَاحِ al-janāḥi |
جَنَاحِ janāḥi |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | جَنَاحَيْن janāḥayn |
الْجَنَاحَيْن al-janāḥayn |
جَنَاحَيْ janāḥay |
| Nominative | جَنَاحَانِ janāḥāni |
الْجَنَاحَانِ al-janāḥāni |
جَنَاحَا janāḥā |
| Accusative | جَنَاحَيْنِ janāḥayni |
الْجَنَاحَيْنِ al-janāḥayni |
جَنَاحَيْ janāḥay |
| Genitive | جَنَاحَيْنِ janāḥayni |
الْجَنَاحَيْنِ al-janāḥayni |
جَنَاحَيْ janāḥay |
| Plural | broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a); basic broken plural triptote | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | أَجْنِحَة; أَجْنُح ʔajniḥa; ʔajnuḥ |
الْأَجْنِحَة; الْأَجْنُح al-ʔajniḥa; al-ʔajnuḥ |
أَجْنِحَة; أَجْنُح ʔajniḥat; ʔajnuḥ |
| Nominative | أَجْنِحَةٌ; أَجْنُحٌ ʔajniḥatun; ʔajnuḥun |
الْأَجْنِحَةُ; الْأَجْنُحُ al-ʔajniḥatu; al-ʔajnuḥu |
أَجْنِحَةُ; أَجْنُحُ ʔajniḥatu; ʔajnuḥu |
| Accusative | أَجْنِحَةً; أَجْنُحًا ʔajniḥatan; ʔajnuḥan |
الْأَجْنِحَةَ; الْأَجْنُحَ al-ʔajniḥata; al-ʔajnuḥa |
أَجْنِحَةَ; أَجْنُحَ ʔajniḥata; ʔajnuḥa |
| Genitive | أَجْنِحَةٍ; أَجْنُحٍ ʔajniḥatin; ʔajnuḥin |
الْأَجْنِحَةِ; الْأَجْنُحِ al-ʔajniḥati; al-ʔajnuḥi |
أَجْنِحَةِ; أَجْنُحِ ʔajniḥati; ʔajnuḥi |
Etymology 2
From Middle Persian; compare modern Persian گناه (gonâh).
Pronunciation
Noun
جُنَاح • (junāḥ) m
- (singular only) blame, misdemeanor, transgression, wrong
- Synonym: ذَنْب (ḏanb)
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 4:102:
- وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِن كَانَ بِكُمْ أَذًى مِّن مَّطَرٍ أَوْ كُنْتُم مَّرْضَىٰ أَن تَضَعُوا أَسْلِحَتَكُمْ وَخُذُوا حِذْرَكُمْ
- walā junāḥa ʕalaykum ʔin kāna bikum ʔaḏan min maṭarin ʔaw kuntum marḍā ʔan taḍaʕū ʔasliḥatakum waḵuḏū ḥiḏrakum
- There is no blame upon you if ye are vexed by rain or ye are sick that ye lay down your arms, but exercise caution.
Declension
Declension of noun جُنَاح (junāḥ)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | جُنَاح junāḥ |
الْجُنَاح al-junāḥ |
جُنَاح junāḥ |
| Nominative | جُنَاحٌ junāḥun |
الْجُنَاحُ al-junāḥu |
جُنَاحُ junāḥu |
| Accusative | جُنَاحًا junāḥan |
الْجُنَاحَ al-junāḥa |
جُنَاحَ junāḥa |
| Genitive | جُنَاحٍ junāḥin |
الْجُنَاحِ al-junāḥi |
جُنَاحِ junāḥi |
References
- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “جناح”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 223
- Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 102–103
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “جناح”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 469
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “جناح”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen, page 247
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “جناح”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 166
- Militarev, Alexander, Kogan, Leonid (2000–2005) Semitic Etymological Dictionary, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, pages 80–81
Egyptian Arabic
Noun
جناح • (genāḥ) m
Moroccan Arabic
| Root |
|---|
| ج ن ح |
| 1 term |
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
جناح • (jnāḥ) m (plural جوانح (jwānaḥ) or جناحات (jnāḥāt) or أجنحة (ʔajniḥa))
Urdu
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /d͡ʒɪ.nɑːɦ/
- Rhymes: -ɑːɦ
- Hyphenation: جِ‧ناح
Proper noun
جِناح • (jināh) m or f by sense (Hindi spelling जिनाह)
- Muhammad Ali Jinnah
- Synonym: قائِدِ اَعْظَم (qāid-i a'zam)
- a surname, Jinnah, originating as a patronymic