سوار
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سِوَار
Arabic
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Etymology
Though Fraenkel assumed that the Arabic word is genuine and not a loan, likely a perhaps early loan from a byform of Aramaic שֵׁירָא / ܫܶܐܪܳܐ (šērā), see the exposure at ش ج ر (š-j-r). Juxtapose قُلْب (qulb, “bracelet”) for a Syriac loan. Compare also دُمْلُوج (dumlūj).
Pronunciation
Noun
سِوَار • (siwār) m (plural أَسْوِرَة (ʔaswira) or أَسَاوِر (ʔasāwir))
Declension
Declension of noun سِوَار (siwār)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | سِوَار siwār |
السِّوَار as-siwār |
سِوَار siwār |
| Nominative | سِوَارٌ siwārun |
السِّوَارُ as-siwāru |
سِوَارُ siwāru |
| Accusative | سِوَارًا siwāran |
السِّوَارَ as-siwāra |
سِوَارَ siwāra |
| Genitive | سِوَارٍ siwārin |
السِّوَارِ as-siwāri |
سِوَارِ siwāri |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | سِوَارَيْن siwārayn |
السِّوَارَيْن as-siwārayn |
سِوَارَيْ siwāray |
| Nominative | سِوَارَانِ siwārāni |
السِّوَارَانِ as-siwārāni |
سِوَارَا siwārā |
| Accusative | سِوَارَيْنِ siwārayni |
السِّوَارَيْنِ as-siwārayni |
سِوَارَيْ siwāray |
| Genitive | سِوَارَيْنِ siwārayni |
السِّوَارَيْنِ as-siwārayni |
سِوَارَيْ siwāray |
| Plural | broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a); basic broken plural diptote | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | أَسْوِرَة; أَسَاوِر ʔaswira; ʔasāwir |
الْأَسْوِرَة; الْأَسَاوِر al-ʔaswira; al-ʔasāwir |
أَسْوِرَة; أَسَاوِر ʔaswirat; ʔasāwir |
| Nominative | أَسْوِرَةٌ; أَسَاوِرُ ʔaswiratun; ʔasāwiru |
الْأَسْوِرَةُ; الْأَسَاوِرُ al-ʔaswiratu; al-ʔasāwiru |
أَسْوِرَةُ; أَسَاوِرُ ʔaswiratu; ʔasāwiru |
| Accusative | أَسْوِرَةً; أَسَاوِرَ ʔaswiratan; ʔasāwira |
الْأَسْوِرَةَ; الْأَسَاوِرَ al-ʔaswirata; al-ʔasāwira |
أَسْوِرَةَ; أَسَاوِرَ ʔaswirata; ʔasāwira |
| Genitive | أَسْوِرَةٍ; أَسَاوِرَ ʔaswiratin; ʔasāwira |
الْأَسْوِرَةِ; الْأَسَاوِرِ al-ʔaswirati; al-ʔasāwiri |
أَسْوِرَةِ; أَسَاوِرِ ʔaswirati; ʔasāwiri |
References
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 56
- Freytag, Georg (1833) “سوار”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 374
Bulgar
Proper noun
سُوار (Suwâr)
- the clan of Suar
References
- Tekin, Talât (1988) Volga Bulgar kitabeleri ve Volga Bulgarcası [Volga Bulgarian Ephitaphs and Volga Bulgarian Language] (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, →ISBN, pages 190-191
- ibn Fadlan, Ahmad (921-922) Ramazan Şeşen, transl., Ibn Fadlan Seyahatnamesi [Travel Book of Ibn Fadlan] (in Turkish), 2022 edition, İstanbul: Yeditepe, published 2010, →ISBN, page 35, ٤٢
Persian
Etymology
From Middle Persian ʾswbʾl, ʾsp̄wʾl (aswār, “horseman, rider”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key):
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key):
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key):
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | sawār |
| Dari reading? | sawār |
| Iranian reading? | savâr |
| Tajik reading? | savor |
Noun
سوار • (sovâr, savâr) (plural سواران (sovâr, savârân))
- horseman, rider
- cavalryman
- پادشاه ارابه‌ها و سواران را جمع کرد.
- The king assembled cavalrymen and chariots
- Abulfazl Bayhaqi, edited by Ali-Akbar Fayyaz, Tarikh-i Bayhaqi, page 73:
- حسن فرمود تا علامت بزرگ را پیشتر بردند و با سواران پختهٔ گزیده حمله افگند به‌فیروزی
- Hasan ordered to move the great emblem forward and attacked victoriously with hand-picked veteran cavalrymen.
Synonyms
- سواره (savâre)
Antonyms
- پیاده (piyâde)
Descendants
- → Bengali: সওয়ার (śoōẇar)
- → Gujarati: સવાર (savār)
- → Hindustani:
- → English: sowar
- → Kannada: ಸವಾರ (savāra)
- → Marathi: स्वार (svār)
- → Ottoman Turkish: سوار (süvar)
- → Punjabi:
References
- Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “سوار”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “aswār”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 13
- Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 244
Urdu
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian سوار (sawār, “rider”), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎿𐎲𐎠𐎼 (a-s-b-a-r /asabāra-/, “horseman”), from Proto-Iranian *Hacwabāráh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Haćwabʰāras.