شیر
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شیر 
یک شیرِ نرِ آفریقایی ― A male African lion
Baluchi
Noun
شیر • (šír)
Burushaski
Etymology
From Classical Persian شیر (šēr)
Pronunciation
Noun
شیر (transliteration needed) (plural شیرشݸ)
References
Sadaf Munshi (2015) “Word Lists”, in Burushaski Language Documentation Project.
Central Kurdish
Etymology
Cognate with Persian شیر (šir).
Noun
شیر (şîr)
- milk (the liquid)
Kashmiri
Etymology
Borrowed from Punjabi شیر (śer).
Pronunciation
Noun
شیر • (śēr) m (Devanagari शेर)
Verb
شیر • (śēr)
- imperative singular of شیرُن (śērun, “to fix, repair”)
Khalaj
Noun
شیر (şîr) (definite accusative شیری, plural شیرلَر)
Declension
Declension of شیر
Persian
Etymology 1
From Middle Persian 𐫢𐫃𐫡 (šgr /šagr, šēr/, “lion; (astronomy) Leo”).
Sense 2 is from the fact that the first taps in Iran looked like lion heads.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key):
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key):
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key):
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | šēr |
| Dari reading? | šēr |
| Iranian reading? | šir |
| Tajik reading? | šer |
Noun
| Dari | شیر |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | шер |
شیر • (šir or šêr) (plural شیرها (šir-hâ) or شیران (širân))
- lion
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 751:
- چون رسد آن جا ببیند گرگ و شیر
عمر ضایع راه دور و روز دیر- čūn rasad ān-jā bibīnad gurg u šēr
umr-i zāyi' rāh-i dūr u rōz-i dēr - When he reaches the spot, he sees wolves and lions,
his life lost, the road far off, and the day late.
- čūn rasad ān-jā bibīnad gurg u šēr
- faucet, tap
- (Indo-Persian) tiger (sometimes also applied to the leopard)
Derived terms
- شیرمَرد (širmard, “hero, gallant”)
- شیرزَن (širzan, “lioness, heroine”)
- شیرفَش (širfaš, “lionlike, leonine”)
- شیرَافکَن (šir-afkan, “lion-slayer”)
- شیرَاوژَن (šir-owžan, “lion-slayer”)
- شیردِل (šir-del, “lionheart”)
- شیردال (šir-dâl, “griffin”)
- شیرِ کوهی (šir-e-kuhi, “puma”)
- شیرِ دَریایی (šir-e-daryâyi, “sea lion”)
- تولِه‌شیر (tule-šir, “lion cub”)
- شیرماهی (šir-mâhi, “Spanish mackerel”)
- شیرشاه (šir-šâh, “Lion King”)
- شیر و خوَرشید (šir-o-xoršid, “Lion and Sun”)
- شیر یا خَط (šir-yâ-xat, “heads or tails”)
- شیر شُدَن (šir šodan, “to summon up the courage”)
- شیر کَردَن (šir kardan, “to incite, provoke”)
Descendants
- → Azerbaijani: şir
- → Bengali: শের (śer)
- → Gilaki: شیر (šīr)
- → Hindustani:
- → Khalaj: şîr
- → Ottoman Turkish: شیر (şîr)
- Turkish: şir
- → Uzbek: sher
Proper noun
شیر • (šêr)
References
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “šagr, šēr”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, pages 78–79
Etymology 2
From Middle Persian (HLḆA), (šyl), 𐫢𐫏𐫏𐫡 (šyyr /šīr/, “milk”), from Proto-Iranian *xšiHrám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšiHrám.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key):
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key):
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key):
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | šīr |
| Dari reading? | šīr |
| Iranian reading? | šir |
| Tajik reading? | šir |
Noun
| Dari | شیر |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | шир |
شیر • (šir)
- milk
- کمی شیر اضافه کن
- kami šir ezâfe kon
- Add a little milk.
Inflection
| Possessive forms of شیر (šir) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| 1st person (“my, our”) |
شیرم (širam) |
شیرمان (širemân) △ (širemun) |
| 2nd person (“your”) |
شیرت (širat) △ (širet) |
شیرتان (širetân) △ (širetun) |
| 3rd person (“his, her, its, their”) |
شیرش (širaš) △ (šireš) |
شیرشان (širešân) △ (širešun) |
| △ Colloquial. | ||
Derived terms
- هَمشیرِه (hamšire)
Descendants
References
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “šīr”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 90
Urdu
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Classical Persian شیر (šēr).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ʃeːɾ/
Noun
شیر • (śer) m (Hindi spelling शेर)
Declension
| Declension of شیر | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |||||||
| direct | شیر (śer) | شیر (śer) | ||||||
| oblique | شیر (śer) | شیروں (śerõ) | ||||||
| vocative | شیر (śer) | شیرو (śero) | ||||||
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Classical Persian شیر (šīr).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ʃiːɾ/