قلعة

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See also: قلعہ and قلعه

Arabic

قَلْعَة
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Etymology 1

Unknown. Possibilities include:

  • From the Arabic root ق ل ع (q-l-ʕ).
  • From Persian کلات (kalât, “fortress”), since a borrowing of this word regularly yields the shape قَلْعَة (qalʕa). Akin to Mazanderani کلا (kalâ, “borough”) and probably Old Armenian քաղաք (kʻałakʻ, “town”) (under ancient circumstances “fortress, castle” and “town” isn’t necessarily a meaning difference).
  • From the name of the Malay town below, after its high walls, perhaps supported by how the vocalization varies between قَلْعَة (qalʕa), قِلْعَة (qilʕa) and قَلَعَة (qalaʕa).
  • From Proto-Turkic *kiāl-mak (“to remain”). Compare the early Turkic borrowing for a fortification خَازُوق (ḵāzūq, “pale, stake”).

Pronunciation

Noun

قَلْعَة or قِلْعَة • (qalʕa or qilʕa) f (plural قِلَاع (qilāʕ) or قُلُوع (qulūʕ) or قَلَعَات (qalaʕāt))

  1. fortress, fort, castle
Declension
Declension of noun قَلْعَة (qalʕa)‎; قِلْعَة (qilʕa)
Singular singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal قَلْعَة‎; قِلْعَة
qalʕa‎; qilʕa 		الْقَلْعَة‎; الْقِلْعَة
al-qalʕa‎; al-qilʕa 		قَلْعَة‎; قِلْعَة
qalʕat‎; qilʕat
Nominative قَلْعَةٌ‎; قِلْعَةٌ
qalʕatun‎; qilʕatun 		الْقَلْعَةُ‎; الْقِلْعَةُ
al-qalʕatu‎; al-qilʕatu 		قَلْعَةُ‎; قِلْعَةُ
qalʕatu‎; qilʕatu
Accusative قَلْعَةً‎; قِلْعَةً
qalʕatan‎; qilʕatan 		الْقَلْعَةَ‎; الْقِلْعَةَ
al-qalʕata‎; al-qilʕata 		قَلْعَةَ‎; قِلْعَةَ
qalʕata‎; qilʕata
Genitive قَلْعَةٍ‎; قِلْعَةٍ
qalʕatin‎; qilʕatin 		الْقَلْعَةِ‎; الْقِلْعَةِ
al-qalʕati‎; al-qilʕati 		قَلْعَةِ‎; قِلْعَةِ
qalʕati‎; qilʕati
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal قَلْعَتَيْن‎; قِلْعَتَيْن
qalʕatayn‎; qilʕatayn 		الْقَلْعَتَيْن‎; الْقِلْعَتَيْن
al-qalʕatayn‎; al-qilʕatayn 		قَلْعَتَيْ‎; قِلْعَتَيْ
qalʕatay‎; qilʕatay
Nominative قَلْعَتَانِ‎; قِلْعَتَانِ
qalʕatāni‎; qilʕatāni 		الْقَلْعَتَانِ‎; الْقِلْعَتَانِ
al-qalʕatāni‎; al-qilʕatāni 		قَلْعَتَا‎; قِلْعَتَا
qalʕatā‎; qilʕatā
Accusative قَلْعَتَيْنِ‎; قِلْعَتَيْنِ
qalʕatayni‎; qilʕatayni 		الْقَلْعَتَيْنِ‎; الْقِلْعَتَيْنِ
al-qalʕatayni‎; al-qilʕatayni 		قَلْعَتَيْ‎; قِلْعَتَيْ
qalʕatay‎; qilʕatay
Genitive قَلْعَتَيْنِ‎; قِلْعَتَيْنِ
qalʕatayni‎; qilʕatayni 		الْقَلْعَتَيْنِ‎; الْقِلْعَتَيْنِ
al-qalʕatayni‎; al-qilʕatayni 		قَلْعَتَيْ‎; قِلْعَتَيْ
qalʕatay‎; qilʕatay
Plural basic broken plural triptote‎; sound feminine plural
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal قِلَاع‎; قُلُوع‎; قَلَعَات
qilāʕ‎; qulūʕ‎; qalaʕāt 		الْقِلَاع‎; الْقُلُوع‎; الْقَلَعَات
al-qilāʕ‎; al-qulūʕ‎; al-qalaʕāt 		قِلَاع‎; قُلُوع‎; قَلَعَات
qilāʕ‎; qulūʕ‎; qalaʕāt
Nominative قِلَاعٌ‎; قُلُوعٌ‎; قَلَعَاتٌ
qilāʕun‎; qulūʕun‎; qalaʕātun 		الْقِلَاعُ‎; الْقُلُوعُ‎; الْقَلَعَاتُ
al-qilāʕu‎; al-qulūʕu‎; al-qalaʕātu 		قِلَاعُ‎; قُلُوعُ‎; قَلَعَاتُ
qilāʕu‎; qulūʕu‎; qalaʕātu
Accusative قِلَاعًا‎; قُلُوعًا‎; قَلَعَاتٍ
qilāʕan‎; qulūʕan‎; qalaʕātin 		الْقِلَاعَ‎; الْقُلُوعَ‎; الْقَلَعَاتِ
al-qilāʕa‎; al-qulūʕa‎; al-qalaʕāti 		قِلَاعَ‎; قُلُوعَ‎; قَلَعَاتِ
qilāʕa‎; qulūʕa‎; qalaʕāti
Genitive قِلَاعٍ‎; قُلُوعٍ‎; قَلَعَاتٍ
qilāʕin‎; qulūʕin‎; qalaʕātin 		الْقِلَاعِ‎; الْقُلُوعِ‎; الْقَلَعَاتِ
al-qilāʕi‎; al-qulūʕi‎; al-qalaʕāti 		قِلَاعِ‎; قُلُوعِ‎; قَلَعَاتِ
qilāʕi‎; qulūʕi‎; qalaʕāti
Derived terms
Descendants
Toponyms
  • → Spanish: Alcalá
  • → Sicilian: Carta-
  • → Sicilian: Cala-
  • ⇒ Arabic: قَلْعَةْ النِسَاء (qalʕat an-nisāʔ, “Fort of the Women”)

Etymology 2

Root
ق ل ع (q l ʕ)
9 terms

Noun

قُلْعَة • (qulʕa) f

  1. (obsolete) distancing oneself, remotion, depart, not resting
    Synonym: رِحْلَة (riḥla)
Declension
Declension of noun قُلْعَة (qulʕa)
Singular singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal قُلْعَة
qulʕa 		الْقُلْعَة
al-qulʕa 		قُلْعَة
qulʕat
Nominative قُلْعَةٌ
qulʕatun 		الْقُلْعَةُ
al-qulʕatu 		قُلْعَةُ
qulʕatu
Accusative قُلْعَةً
qulʕatan 		الْقُلْعَةَ
al-qulʕata 		قُلْعَةَ
qulʕata
Genitive قُلْعَةٍ
qulʕatin 		الْقُلْعَةِ
al-qulʕati 		قُلْعَةِ
qulʕati

Etymology 3

Proper noun

قَلْعَة or قِلْعَة • (qalʕa or qilʕa) f

  1. alternative form of كَلَة (kala, “the tin-exporting port town”)
Declension
Declension of noun قَلْعَة (qalʕa)‎; قِلْعَة (qilʕa)
Singular singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal — قَلْعَة‎; قِلْعَة
qalʕa‎; qilʕa 		—
Nominative — قَلْعَةٌ‎; قِلْعَةٌ
qalʕatun‎; qilʕatun 		—
Accusative — قَلْعَةً‎; قِلْعَةً
qalʕatan‎; qilʕatan 		—
Genitive — قَلْعَةٍ‎; قِلْعَةٍ
qalʕatin‎; qilʕatin 		—
Derived terms

References

  • Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “قلعة”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 396
  • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 237
  • Freytag, Georg (1835) “قلعة”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 490
  • Mirzoyan, Knarik, Charchyan, Tadevos (2016) “Some Persian Loanwords in Tatar Language”, in Problems of Oriental Studies‎, volume 12, Yerevan: University Press, page 256
  • Siddiqi, Abdussattar (1919) Studien über die Persischen Fremdwörter im klassischen Arabisch (in German), Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pages 70–71
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “قلعة”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 853
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “قلعة”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 920

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic قَلْعَة (qalʕa).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /qal.ʕe/,
  • IPA(key): /qal.ʕa/,
  • Audio (Ramallah):(file)

Noun

قلعة • (qalʕa) f (plural قلاع (qilāʕ))

  1. fort, fortress, castle
  2. (chess) rook

See also

Chess pieces in South Levantine Arabic · قطع الشطرنج (ʔuṭaʕ iš-šaṭranj) (layout · text)
♚ ♛ ♜ ♝ ♞ ♟
ملك (malik) ملكة (malike) قلعة (ʔalʕa) وزير (wazīr) حصان (ḥsān) جندي (jundi)
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