कष्

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Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From a colloquial form of the root कृष् (kṛṣ, “to draw, pull, drag”). Pokorny's original derivation from a supposed Proto-Indo-European *kars- (“to scratch, scrape, rub”) (for which he cites Proto-Slavic *korsta (“scab”), Lithuanian karsiu (“to comb”), and English harsh) is obsolete.

Pronunciation

Root

कष् • (kaṣ)

  1. to rub, scratch, scrape
  2. to itch
  3. to rub with a touchstone, test, try
  4. to injure, hurt, destroy
  5. to leap

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root कष्‎ (0 c, 3 e)
Primary Verbal Forms
Secondary Forms
Non-Finite Forms
Derived Nominal Forms
  • कष (káṣa, “rubbing, scraping, rubbing away”)
  • कषण (káṣaṇa, “rubbing oneself”)
  • कषि (kaṣí, “hurtful, injurious”)
  • कषाय (kaṣāya, “astringent, extract”)
  • कष्ट (kaṣṭá, “injury, pain, hardship”)

Descendants

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root कष्‎ (1 c, 0 e)

References

  • Monier Williams (1899) “कष्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0265/2.
  • William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 018
  • Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “कष्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 331-2
  • Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 269
  • Pokorny, Julius (1959) “532”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 532
  • Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 231
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