यदि

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See also: यद्, यदा, and याद

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit यदि (yadi).

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /jə.d̪iː/,

Conjunction

यदि • (yadi) (Urdu spelling یدی) (formal)

Synonyms

अगर (agar)

Nepali

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit यदि (yadi).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key):
Phonetic Devanagari: एदि

Conjunction

यदि • (yadi)

(used with भने ) if
यदि भोलि पानी पर्यो भने, म कार्यालय जान्नँ।
yadi bholi pānī paryo bhane, ma kāryālaya jānnã.
If it rains tomorrow, I'm not going to office.
supposing that

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

यदी (yádī) — Vedic

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

যদি (Assamese script)
ᬬᬤᬶ (Balinese script)
যদি (Bengali script)
𑰧𑰟𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀬𑀤𑀺 (Brahmi script)
ယဒိ (Burmese script)
યદિ (Gujarati script)
ਯਦਿ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌯𑌦𑌿 (Grantha script)
ꦪꦢꦶ (Javanese script)
𑂨𑂠𑂱 (Kaithi script)
ಯದಿ (Kannada script)
យទិ (Khmer script)
ຍທິ (Lao script)
യദി (Malayalam script)
ᠶᠠᡩᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘧𑘟𑘱 (Modi script)
ᠶ᠋ᠠᢑᠢ (Mongolian script)
𑧇𑦿𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
𑐫𑐡𑐶 (Newa script)
ଯଦି (Odia script)
ꢫꢣꢶ (Saurashtra script)
𑆪𑆢𑆴 (Sharada script)
𑖧𑖟𑖰 (Siddham script)
යදි (Sinhalese script)
𑩻𑩭𑩑 (Soyombo script)
𑚣𑚛𑚮 (Takri script)
யதி³ (Tamil script)
యది (Telugu script)
ยทิ (Thai script)
ཡ་དི (Tibetan script)
𑒨𑒠𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
𑨪𑨛𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyádi (“if, when”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hyós (“that, who, which”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬫𐬈𐬌𐬜𐬌 (yeⁱδi), 𐬫𐬈𐬜𐬌 (yeδi, “if, when”), Old Persian 𐎹𐎮𐎹 (y-di-y /⁠yadiy⁠/, “if”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /jɐ́.di/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈjɐ.d̪i/

Conjunction

यदि • (yádi)

if; in case that
यदि अहं तस्याः गृहं गच्छेयम्, तर्हि अहं तुष्येयम्। ― yadi ahaṃ tasyāḥ gṛhaṃ gaccheyam, tarhi ahaṃ tuṣyeyam. ― If I had gone to his house then I would have been happy.

Usage notes

This conjunction is indeclinable.

Descendants

Ashokan Prakrit: 𐨩𐨡𐨁 (yadi)
- Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀬𑀇 (yaï), 𑀬𑀤𑀺 (yadi)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀇 (jaï)
  - Old Bengali: জই
  - Old Gujarati: जइ (jaï)
    - Marwari: जे (je), जै (jai), जइ (jai)
  - Maithili:
    Devanagari script: जँ (jã), जऽ (ja²), ज' (ja')
    Tirhuta script: 𑒖𑒿 (jã), 𑒖𑓄, 𑒖' (ja')
  - Old Marathi: jaiṃ
    Devanagari script: जैं
    Modi script: 𑘕𑘺𑘽
    - Marathi: जई (jaī) (poetic)
  - Old Punjabi: ਜਿ (ji), ਜੇ (je)
    - Punjabi: jē
      Gurmukhi script: ਜੇ
      Shahmukhi script: جے
    - ⇒ Old Punjabi: ਜੇਕਰਿ (jēkari)
  - Sindhi: je
    Arabic script: جي
    Devanagari script: जे
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀇 (jaï), 𑀚𑀤𑀺 (jadi)
→ Pali: yadi (learned)
→ Bengali: যদি (jodi) (learned)
→ Hindi: यदि (yadi) (learned)
→ Nepali: यदि (yadi) (learned)
→ Odia: ଯଦି (jadi) (learned)
→ Punjabi: ਜਦੋਂ (jadõ), ਜੱਦ (jadda)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “यदि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 844/3, 845/1.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 390; 397

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