ਜਾਣਾ

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀚𑀸𑀇 (jāi), from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀬𑀸𑀢𑀺 (yāti), from Sanskrit याति॑ (yā́ti), from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂-.

ਜਾਣਾ • (jāṇā) (Shahmukhi spelling جانا)

1. to go, to leave
2. an auxiliary verb
   1. marks the passive voice

      ਚਾਰੇਂ ਕਿਤਾਬਾਂ ਪੜ੍ਹੀਆਂ ਗਇਆਂ।

      cārẽ kitābā̃ paṛhīā̃ gaiā̃.

      All four books were read

   2. marks the impersonal passive voice

      ਹੁਣ ਉਸ ਤੋਂ ਲਿਖਿਆ ਨਹੀਂ ਜਾੰਦਾ।

      huṇ usa tõ likhiā nahī̃ jāndā.

      As of now she is not able to write.

   3. (with intransitive verbs) indicates motion away from

      ਨਿਕਲ਼ ਜਾਣਾ

      nikaḷ jāṇā

      to exit, leave

      ਭੱਜ ਜਾਣਾ

      bhajja jāṇā

      to run away

   4. (with dative subject verbs) indicates a definitive change

      ਨਕਲੀ ਭੂਤ ਵੇਖਕੇ ਨੈਨਾ ਨੂੰ ਡਰ ਆ ਗਿਆ।

      naklī bhūt vekhke nainā nū̃ ḍar ā giā.

      Having seen the fake ghost, Naina (nevertheless) became afraid.

   5. (with transitive verbs) indicates completion or haste

      ਖਾ ਜਾਣਾ

      khā jāṇā

      to devour, eat up; to attack verbally

• ਜਾਉਣਾ (jāuṇā) — dialectal