五月雨

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Japanese

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
五 月 雨
Grade: 1 Grade: 1 Grade: 1
irregular

Compound of さ (sa-, prefix meaning "early") and an uncertain みだれ (midare), likely thought to be 水垂(みだ)れ (midare, “water fall”),[1][2] where 垂(た)れ (tare) is the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 垂(た)れる (tareru). The tare changes to dare as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

The kanji spelling is jukujikun (熟字訓), from Satsuki-ame (see below).

Pronunciation

Noun

五月雨(さみだれ) • (samidare) 

  1. a heavy rain that occurs around the fifth lunar month; an early summer rain
    Synonyms: 卯の花腐し (unohana-kudashi), 梅雨 (tsuyu, baiu), 長雨 (nagame), 麦雨 (bakuu), 緑雨 (ryokuu)
    Antonym: 五月晴れ (Satsuki-bare)
    Hypernym: 雨 (ame)
    • 1603, Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho) [Vocabulary of the Language of Japan] (in Portuguese), Nagasaki, page 552:
      [3]
      Samidare. サミダレ (五月雨) Goguatno ame. (五月の雨) Nagaxi (ながし)と呼ばれる, [陰暦]五月の雨.
  2. (figurative) that which repeats over and over without lasting long
Derived terms
Derived terms
See also

Proper noun

五月雨(さみだれ) • (Samidare) 

  1. a Shiratsuyu-class destroyer of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II (see Japanese destroyer Samidare (1935) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia )
    Hypernym: 白露 (Shiratsuyu)
  2. a place name
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
五 月 雨
さ
Grade: 1 		つき
Grade: 1 		あめ
Grade: 1
irregular kun'yomi

Compound of 五月, 皐月 (Satsuki, “fifth lunar month”) +‎ 雨 (ame, “rain”).

Pronunciation

Noun

五(さ)月(つき)雨(あめ) • (Satsuki-ame) 

  1. a heavy rain that occurs around the fifth lunar month; an early summer rain.
    Synonyms: 梅雨 (tsuyu, baiu), 緑雨 (ryokuu)
    Antonym: 五月晴れ (Satsuki-bare)
    Hypernym: 雨 (ame)
    • 1603, Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho) [Vocabulary of the Language of Japan] (in Portuguese), Nagasaki, page 560:
      [3]
      Satçuqiame. (サツキアメ) (皐月雨) Samidare (五月雨)に同じ. [陰暦]五月の雨.

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.
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