教化

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See also: 敎化

Chinese

teach; teaching; religion
to make into; to change into; ‑ization
to make into; to change into; ‑ization; to ... ‑ize; to transform
 
trad. (教化) 教 化
simp. #(教化) 教 化

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 教 化
Reading # 2/2 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 肴 (90) 麻 (99)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Closed
Division (等) II II
Fanqie 古孝切 呼霸切
Baxter kaewH xwaeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kˠauH/ /hˠuaH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kᵚauH/ /hʷᵚaH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kauH/ /xuaH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kaɨwH/ /hwaɨH/
Li
Rong 		/kauH/ /xuaH/
Wang
Li 		/kauH/ /xwaH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/kauH/ /xwaH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jiào huà
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gaau3 faa3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 教 化
Reading # 2/2 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jiào huà
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kæwH › ‹ xwæH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*s.kˁraw-s/ /*qʷʰˁ<r>aj-s/
English teaching; instruction transform

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 教 化
Reading # 2/2 1/1
No. 14643 5327
Phonetic
component 		爻 化
Rime
group 		宵 歌
Rime
subdivision 		1 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		敎 化
Old
Chinese 		/*kraːws/ /*hŋʷraːls/

Verb

教化

  1. to educate; to teach good manners; to civilize; to enlighten by education; to shape the mind through education
Synonyms

Noun

教化

  1. enlightenment; civilisation; education

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (教化):
  • → Japanese: 教(きょう)化(か) (kyōka)

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 教化 – see 叫化 (“beggar; to beg”).
(This term is a variant form of 叫化).

Japanese

Kanji in this term
教 化
きょう
Grade: 2 		か
Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

教(きょう)化(か) • (kyōka) 

  1. enlightenment, civilisation, education

Verb

教(きょう)化(か)する • (kyōka suru) suru (stem 教(きょう)化(か)し (kyōka shi), past 教(きょう)化(か)した (kyōka shita))

  1. to enlighten, to educate, to civilize

Conjugation

Conjugation of "教化する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 教化し きょうかし kyōka shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 教化し きょうかし kyōka shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 教化する きょうかする kyōka suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 教化する きょうかする kyōka suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 教化すれ きょうかすれ kyōka sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 教化せよ¹
教化しろ² 		きょうかせよ¹
きょうかしろ² 		kyōka seyo¹
kyōka shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 教化される きょうかされる kyōka sareru
Causative 教化させる
教化さす 		きょうかさせる
きょうかさす 		kyōka saseru
kyōka sasu
Potential 教化できる きょうかできる kyōka dekiru
Volitional 教化しよう きょうかしよう kyōka shiyō
Negative 教化しない きょうかしない kyōka shinai
Negative continuative 教化せず きょうかせず kyōka sezu
Formal 教化します きょうかします kyōka shimasu
Perfective 教化した きょうかした kyōka shita
Conjunctive 教化して きょうかして kyōka shite
Hypothetical conditional 教化すれば きょうかすれば kyōka sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

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