獨立自主
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Chinese
| to stand alone; to be independent; to stand on one's own | to take the initiative; to act autonomously; to have self-determination | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (獨立自主) | 獨立 | 自主 | |
| simp. (独立自主) | 独立 | 自主 | |
Etymology
Popularized by Mao Zedong during the founding of the People's Republic of China, however usage may be attested before then.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄨˊ ㄌㄧˋ ㄗˋ ㄓㄨˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dúlìzìhjhǔ
- Wade–Giles: tu2-li4-tzŭ4-chu3
- Yale: dú-lì-dz̀-jǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dwulihtzyhjuu
- Palladius: дулицзычжу (duliczyčžu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu³⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: duk6 laap6 zi6 zyu2 / duk6 lap6 zi6 zyu2
- Yale: duhk laahp jih jyú / duhk lahp jih jyú
- Cantonese Pinyin: duk9 laap9 dzi6 dzy2 / duk9 lap9 dzi6 dzy2
- Guangdong Romanization: dug6 lab6 ji6 ju2 / dug6 leb6 ji6 ju2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʊk̚² laːp̚² t͡siː²² t͡syː³⁵/, /tʊk̚² lɐp̚² t͡siː²² t͡syː³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Idiom
獨立自主
- to be independent and one's own master
- to pursue a foreign policy of peaceful development, autonomy and self-reliance
Related terms
References
Foreign relations of the People's Republic of China on Wikipedia.Wikipedia - “十六大后中国“独立自主”外交政策的不变与变”, in www.wutnews.net (in Mandarin), 2007 December 15 (last accessed)
