Modern Korean reading of Hanja 阿斯達; further origin is unknown.
One hypothesis is that 아사달 (Asadal) is a compound word composed of asa + dal, motivated by an assumption of equivalence between the Chinese phonetic transcription 阿斯達/阿斯达 (Asīdá) and the word 조선 (Joseon) (朝鮮/朝鲜 (Cháoxiǎn) in Chinese). However, the etymology of 조선 (Joseon) is ultimately unknown, with opinions differing as to whether the word was created as a phonetic transcription or as a semantic calque (presumably of a foreign word). Furthermore, the reading of the Mandarin Chinese character 朝 (cháo) is identical to the reading when used to mean "dynasty," not with the reading when used to mean "morning" (which would instead be 朝 (zhāo)). However, the name of 朝陽/朝阳 (Cháoyáng) is read in the former manner despite 朝 (cháo) also meaning "morning" here.
However, the character 斯 (sī), which is used in modern Chinese languages mainly to represent the phoneme /s/ or /θ/ in word-final and preconsonantal positions when transcribing foreign words, has always had a sibilant (/s/) rather than an affricate like Korean (/ch/), as there are plenty of other characters better suited to transcribing the Korean sound. Dal might be the result of reading Chinese characters in the Korean way; if so, the original Chinese pronunciation at the time Asadal was originally recorded in historical texts could have been Asada, with the final syllable (-da) as a transcription of the Middle Korean word ᄯᅡᇂ〮 (stáh), Early Modern Korean ᄯᅡ (sta), Modern Korean 따 (tta) or 땅 (ttang), meaning "land." In this case, Asadal would mean "Morning Land." If, however, the final syllable is related to Goguryeo 達 (*tara, “mountain”), then Asadal would mean "Morning Mountain."
鮮/鲜 (xiǎn) also meant "mountain" or "hill" in ancient usage.
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | Asadal |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | Asadal |
McCune–Reischauer? | Asadal |
Yale Romanization? | asatal |