알다

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Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 알〯다〮 (Yale: ǎltá).

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key):
    • (file)
  • Phonetic hangul:
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?alda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?alda
McCune–Reischauer?alda
Yale Romanization?ālta

Verb

알다 • (alda) (infinitive 알아, sequential 아니)

  1. (transitive) to know, understand (to have information or knowledge about an object or situation through education, experience, thoughts, etc.)
    난 그들이 알고 있는 것이 무엇인지 안다.
    Nan geudeur-i algo inneun geos-i mueos-inji anda.
    I know just what they know.
    제 전화번호 알아요?
    Je jeonhwabeonho arayo?
    Do you know my phone number?
  2. to know; realize (to realize or feel a fact or situation through awareness or senses.)
  3. to know; understand; appreciate (to realize or feel a psychological state in one's mind.)
  4. be on one's own; be independent
  5. to know; can
  6. be one's concern
  7. to know; realize; realize the fun in
  8. to care about
    걱정마. 내가 알아서 할게. (informal non-polite style)
    Geokjeong-ma. Nae-ga ar-aseo halge.
    Don't worry. I'll take care of it.
  9. will; say yes
    그 여자에게 당신이 여기 있다고 말해요. — 알겠어요. 고마워요. 피트
    Geu yeoja-ege dangsin-i yeogi itdago malhaeyo. - Algesseoyo. Gomawoyo. Piteu
    Tell her you’re here.—Right, thanks, Pete.
    • 2016, VOA Learning English‎, archived from the original on 13 November 2018:
      # to know (to have met someone before or get along with him/her as an acquaintance.)
    마샤가 제 룸메이트이에요. — 저는 마샤를 알고 지내요. 좋은 분이지요.
    Masya-ga je rummeiteu-ieyo. - Jeo-neun Masya-reul algo jinaeyo. Jo'eun bun-ijiyo.
    Marsha is my roommate. — I know Marsha. She is nice.
  10. to regard; think of
  11. to know; think (to consider or assume a fact as being of a certain quality.)

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 알다 (alda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체) 		Informal non-polite
(해체) 		Informal polite
(해요체) 		Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 안다
anda 		알아
ara 		알아요
arayo 		압니다
amnida
Past 알았다
aratda 		알았어
arasseo 		알았어요
arasseoyo 		알았습니다
aratseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 아느냐
aneunya 		알아
ara 		알아요
arayo 		압니까
amnikka
Past 알았느냐
aranneunya 		알았어
arasseo 		알았어요
arasseoyo 		알았습니까
aratseumnikka
Hortative 알자
alja		 알아
ara		 알아요
arayo		 아십시다
asipsida
Imperative 알아라
arara		 알아
ara		 알아요
arayo		 압시오
apsio
Assertive 알겠다
algetda		 알겠어
algesseo		 알겠어요
algesseoyo		 알겠습니다
algetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 알아
ara		 알아서
araseo		 아니
ani		 아니까
anikka
Contrast 알지만
aljiman		 아는데
aneunde		 알더니
aldeoni
Conjunction 알고
algo
Condition 알면
almyeon		 알아야
araya
Motive 알려고
allyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 앎
am		 알기
algi
Past-tense verbal nouns 알았음
arasseum		 알았기
aratgi
Determiners Past 안
an
Present 아는
aneun
Future 알
al
Sentence-final forms with honorific
Formal non-polite
(해라체) 		Informal non-polite
(해체) 		Informal polite
(해요체) 		Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 아신다
asinda 		아셔
asyeo 		아세요, 아셔요
aseyo, asyeoyo 		아십니다
asimnida
Past 아셨다
asyeotda 		아셨어
asyeosseo 		아셨어요
asyeosseoyo 		아셨습니다
asyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 아시느냐
asineunya 		아셔
asyeo 		아세요, 아셔요
aseyo, asyeoyo 		아십니까
asimnikka
Past 아셨느냐
asyeonneunya 		아셨어
asyeosseo 		아셨어요
asyeosseoyo 		아셨습니까
asyeotseumnikka
Imperative 아시라
asira		 아셔
asyeo		 아세요
aseyo		 아십시오
asipsio
Assertive 아시겠다
asigetda		 아시겠어
asigesseo		 아시겠어요
asigesseoyo		 아시겠습니다
asigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 아셔
asyeo		 아셔서
asyeoseo		 아시니
asini		 아시니까
asinikka
Contrast 아시지만
asijiman		 아시는데
asineunde		 아시더니
asideoni
Conjunction 아시고
asigo
Condition 아시면
asimyeon		 아셔야
asyeoya
Motive 아시려고
asiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 아심
asim		 아시기
asigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 아셨음
asyeosseum		 아셨기
asyeotgi
Determiners Past 아신
asin
Present 아시는
asineun
Future 아실
asil

Antonyms

Related terms

References

Wikious
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