Muhammad
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A 17th century illustration of Prophet Muhammad.
See also: Muḥammad
English
Etymology
Transliteration of Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad, “praised, commendable, laudable”), the passive participle of حَمَّدَ (ḥammada, “to praise, commend, laud, extol”). From the same triconsonantal root ح م د (ḥ-m-d) as, but distinct from, Mahmud.
Pronunciation
Proper noun
Muhammad (plural Muhammads)
- (Islam, uncountable) The figure who introduced Islam, and the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís.
- Shias believe that Ali succeeded the prophet Muhammad as leader of the Ummah.
- (Islam, uncountable) The 47th sura (chapter) of the Qur'an.
- (countable) A male given name from Arabic very popular among Muslims.
Alternative forms
- Mahomet was the predominant form until the late 1700s. Mohammed was the predominant form from then until the 1940s, when it was overtaken by Muhammad, which has been predominant ever since. Other forms which are now quite common are Mohammad, Mohamed, and Muhammed, which all came into common use after the 1820s.
other forms
- (fairly common today:) Mahomed, Mahommed, Mehemet, Mohamad
- (fairly common historically but uncommon today:) Muhamed, Muhammat, Muhamad, Mehemed, Mehemmed, Mahoma, Muhammud, Mahemet, Mehemmet
- (Ottoman/Turkish-derived:) Mehmed, Mehmet
- (uncommon and in most cases obsolete:) Mohamet, Mahamad, Mahammad, Mahamet, Mahumet, Mohammet, Mahammed, Mahamed, Mahommet, Mahomad, Machomet, Mahommad, Muhammet, Mahomat, Muhamet, Muhamat, Maomet, Mohamat
- (rare and in most cases obsolete:) Mahamat, Mahamid, Mohamud, Mohammud, Mahomett, Mohamid, Mohammid, Muhamud, Muhammid, Mahammet, Muhamid, Magomet, Mohemet, Mehammed, Mohemmed, Mehamet, Mohemed, Mahemed; Mouhammad, Mouhamed, Mouhamad, Muhmmed, Mohamod, Mohammod, Muhmad, Muhmmad, Muhimmad, Mohmad, Mohmmad, Mohmmed, Mohmed
- (very rare and in most cases obsolete:) Machoumet, Mahamath, Mahamett, Mahamit, Mahammat, Mahammid, Mahemett, Mahemmed, Mahemmet, Mahometh, Mahommat, Mahommett, Mahoumed, Mahoumet, Mahumett, Mehamid, Mehammad, Mehemett, Moammed, Moehammad, Mohamit, Mohammat, Mohamut, Mohemmet, Mohomet, Mouhamet, Mouhammed, Muammed, Muhamut, Muhemmad, Mathomus
- (rare, derived from modern scholarly transliterations of Arabic:) Muħammad, Muḥammad
- (Chechen-derived, via Russian:) Magomed, Magomet
- (Chinese-Muslim, via Chinese:) Ma, Mah, Mar, Mo ／ 馬
- (Berber variant, common among Kabyles:) Mohand
Synonyms
Derived terms
- if the mountain won't come to Muhammad
- Mohammedan, Mohammedanism (now offensive)
- Mohammedism, Mohammedist (rare, offensive)
Related terms
Translations
the prophet who introduced Islam
|
47th sura of the Qur'an
|
male given name
|
Finnish
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad).
Pronunciation
Proper noun
Muhammad
- Muhammad (prophet of Islam)
Usage notes
Language purists prefer the spelling "Muhammad", but "Muhammed" is the traditional and more popular transliteration into Finnish.
Declension
| Inflection of Muhammad (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | Muhammad | Muhammadit | |
| genitive | Muhammadin | Muhammadien | |
| partitive | Muhammadia | Muhammadeja | |
| illative | Muhammadiin | Muhammadeihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | Muhammad | Muhammadit | |
| accusative | nom. | Muhammad | Muhammadit |
| gen. | Muhammadin | ||
| genitive | Muhammadin | Muhammadien | |
| partitive | Muhammadia | Muhammadeja | |
| inessive | Muhammadissa | Muhammadeissa | |
| elative | Muhammadista | Muhammadeista | |
| illative | Muhammadiin | Muhammadeihin | |
| adessive | Muhammadilla | Muhammadeilla | |
| ablative | Muhammadilta | Muhammadeilta | |
| allative | Muhammadille | Muhammadeille | |
| essive | Muhammadina | Muhammadeina | |
| translative | Muhammadiksi | Muhammadeiksi | |
| abessive | Muhammaditta | Muhammadeitta | |
| instructive | — | Muhammadein | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
Derived terms
Indonesian
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Malay Muhammad, from Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad).
Pronunciation
Proper noun
Muhammad
- (Islam) Muhammad (the figure who introduced Islam, and the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís)
- A male given name from Arabic.
Usage notes
- Although being separated by a space, it behaves like a prefix. For example, someone who named Muhammad Rizki is always called Rizki and no one would call him Muhammad.
Malay
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad).
Pronunciation
Proper noun
Muhammad (Jawi spelling محمد, abbreviation Muhd.)
- (Islam) The figure who introduced Islam, and the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís.
- A male given name from Arabic.
Usage notes
- In Malay-speaking communities, people with "Muhammad" in their names are usually referred to not by "Muhammad" but by the name that comes after that part of their given name.
- For example, a person whose given name is "Muhammad Aqil" would usually be referred to by other people as just "Aqil" and not as "Muhammad".
Further reading
- “Muhammad” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.