Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/kálˀtei

This Proto-Balto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Balto-Slavic

Etymology

Example of molō-present, from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (Derksen, Rasmussen) or *(s)kelH- (Lubotsky). Probably further cognate with Ancient Greek κλᾰ́ω (kláō, “to break”).

Verb

*kálˀtei

1. to forge (ambitransitive)
2. to strike, to slaughter (transitive)

Conjugation

Fixed accent, je-present.

Derived terms

• *kálˀta (“chisel”) (neuter t-deverbial)
• >? *kalˀdas (“forging tool”) (possibly)
  • ⇒ Proto-Slavic: *koldivo (sometimes viewed as Celto-Italic borrowing)

Related terms

• *klā́ˀtei (“to stack, to wrap”)
• *skélˀtei (“to cleave”)
• *(s)kalˀdāˀ (“block, log”) (probably)
  • Lithuanian: skaldà
  • Proto-Slavic: *kolda

Descendants

• East Baltic:
  • Latvian: kal̃t
  • Lithuanian: kálti
• Proto-Slavic: *kolti

References

Further reading

• “kalti”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
• Ivanov, Vyačeslav (1981) Славянский, балтийский и раннебалканский глагол. Индоевропейские истоки, Nauka, pages 171-172