Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kolti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kálˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *kolh₂-, from the root *kelh₂-.

Cognate with Lithuanian kálti (“to strike (with a hammer or axe), to forge”) (1sg. kalù), Latvian kal̃t (“to beat, to forge”) (1sg. kaļu), Lithuanian kùlti (“to hit”), Latvian kul̂t (“to hit”), Old Prussian preicalis (“anvil”), kalopeilis (“hoe”), Latin percellō (“to overturn, to strike”) (infinitive percellere, perfect perculī), Old Irish cellach (“war”), Ancient Greek κελεΐς (keleḯs, “axe”) (Hesychius), per Vasmer probably also Lithuanian skélti (“to split”).

*kòlti^[1][2][3]

1. to stab, to sting

• *kõltъ, *kolta, *koltò (“club? log? sledgehammer?”)
• *kȏlsъ (“ear, spike”)
• *kōltìti (“to shake, to strike”)
• *kolnь (“slaughter”)
• *kòlъ (“stake”)
• *kъlъ (“fang, tusk”)
• *kъlinъ (“wedge, splitting tool”)
• *kъlykъ (“fang, tusk”)
• *kluti (“to peck”)
• *koldenьcь (“kladenets (sword of stabbing type)”)
• *koldivo (“hammer”)

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: колоти (koloti) (10th century)
    • Belarusian: кало́ць (kalócʹ)
    • Russian: коло́ть (kolótʹ)
    • Ukrainian: коло́ти (kolóty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: клати (klati)

    Glagolitic:

  • Bulgarian: ко́ля (kólja)
  • Macedonian: коле (kole)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: кла̏ти

    Latin script: klȁti

  • Slovene: kláti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: kláti
    • Czech: klát
  • Kashubian: kłoc
  • Old Polish: kłuć, kłóć
    • Polish: kłuć, kłóć
  • Slovak: klať
  • Slovincian: klôc
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: kłóć
    • Lower Sorbian: kłojś

• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “коло́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 414
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*kelh₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 350
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*kolti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 10 (*klepačь – *konь), Moscow: Nauka, page 154
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “коло́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress