Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/argaz
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₃orǵʰ-, *h₃erǵʰ- (“to copulate”). Cognate with Lithuanian aržùs, Russian ёрзать (jórzatʹ).
Pronunciation
Adjective
*argaz (comparative *argōzô, superlative *argōstaz)[1]
- (derogatory, offensive) unmanly, effeminate, indecent
- (derogatory, offensive) cowardly, dishonorable, unworthy
Inflection
Declension of *argaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *argaz | *argai | *argō | *argôz | *argą, -atō | *argō |
| Accusative | *arganǭ | *arganz | *argǭ | *argōz | *argą, -atō | *argō |
| Genitive | *argas, -is | *argaizǫ̂ | *argaizōz | *argaizǫ̂ | *argas, -is | *argaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *argammai | *argaimaz | *argaizōi | *argaimaz | *argammai | *argaimaz |
| Instrumental | *arganō | *argaimiz | *argaizō | *argaimiz | *arganō | *argaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *argô | *arganiz | *argǭ | *argōniz | *argô | *argōnō |
| Accusative | *arganų | *arganunz | *argōnų | *argōnunz | *argô | *argōnō |
| Genitive | *arginiz | *arganǫ̂ | *argōniz | *argōnǫ̂ | *arginiz | *arganǫ̂ |
| Dative | *argini | *argammaz | *argōni | *argōmaz | *argini | *argammaz |
| Instrumental | *arginē | *argammiz | *argōnē | *argōmiz | *arginē | *argammiz |
Derived terms
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *arg
- Old Norse: argr
- Gothic: *𐌰𐍂𐌲𐍃 (*args)
- → Spanish: haragán
- → Proto-Finnic: *arka
References
- ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*arga-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 34