Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yeti

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See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti
 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

    Suffix

    *(é)-yeti

    1. Creates transitive imperfective verbs from roots.

    Usage notes

    In many daughter languages, this suffix came to be affixed to stems as well. It was used frequently to convert originally athematic inflections into thematic inflections.

    Inflection

    Imperfective, thematic
    3rd singular *(é)-yeti
    3rd plural *(é)-yonti
    Active voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
    1st singular *(é)-yoh₂ *(é)-yom — *(é)-yōh₂ *(é)-yoyh₁m̥
    2nd singular *(é)-yesi *(é)-yes *(é)-ye *(é)-yēsi *(é)-yoys
    3rd singular *(é)-yeti *(é)-yet *(é)-yetu *(é)-yēti *(é)-yoyt
    1st dual *(é)-yowos *(é)-yowe — *(é)-yōwos *(é)-yoywe
    2nd dual *(é)-yetes *(é)-yetom *(é)-yetom *(é)-yētes *(é)-yoytom
    3rd dual *(é)-yetes *(é)-yetām *(é)-yetām *(é)-yētes *(é)-yoytām
    1st plural *(é)-yomos *(é)-yome — *(é)-yōmos *(é)-yoyme
    2nd plural *(é)-yete *(é)-yete *(é)-yete *(é)-yēte *(é)-yoyte
    3rd plural *(é)-yonti *(é)-yont *(é)-yontu *(é)-yōnti *(é)-yoyh₁n̥t
    Participle *(é)-yonts
    Middle voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
    1st singular *(é)-yoh₂er *(é)-yoh₂e — *(é)-yōh₂er *(é)-yoyh₂e
    2nd singular *(é)-yeth₂er *(é)-yeth₂e *(é)-yeso *(é)-yēth₂er *(é)-yoyth₂e
    3rd singular *(é)-yetor *(é)-yeto *? *(é)-yētor *(é)-yoyto, *(é)-yoyh₁o
    1st dual *(é)-yowosdʰh₂ *(é)-yowedʰh₂ — *(é)-yōwosdʰh₂ *(é)-yoywedʰh₂
    2nd dual *? *? *? *? *?
    3rd dual *? *? *? *? *?
    1st plural *(é)-yomosdʰh₂ *(é)-yomedʰh₂ — *(é)-yōmosdʰh₂ *(é)-yoymedʰh₂
    2nd plural *(é)-yedʰh₂we *(é)-yedʰh₂we *(é)-yedʰh₂we *(é)-yēdʰh₂we *(é)-yoydʰh₂we
    3rd plural *(é)-yoror, *(é)-yontor *(é)-yoro, *(é)-yonto *? *(é)-yōror, *(é)-yōntor *(é)-yoyro, *(é)-yoyh₁n̥to
    Participle *(é)-yomnos

    Derived terms

    Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-yeti

    Descendants

    • Armenian:
      • Old Armenian: -եմ (-em) (partially)
    • Proto-Germanic: *-(i)ja- (j-presents, class 1 weak verbs)
    • Proto-Hellenic: *-yō
      • Ancient Greek: -έω (-éō) (partially, when added to roots, when compounded with *-e- (noun thematic vowel), ie. *-eyé-, when added to s-stem nouns, ie. *-esyé-)
      • Ancient Greek: -όω (-óō) (aboriginal ἀρόω (aróō) and new denominative verbs to o-stem nouns)
      • Ancient Greek: -πτω (-ptō) (< *-pye-, *-pʰye-)
      • Ancient Greek: -σσω (-ssō), -ττω (-ttō) (< *-kye-, *-kʰye-, *-kʷye-, *-kʷʰye-, *-tye-, *-tʰye-, *-gye-)
      • Ancient Greek: -ζω (-zō) (< *-gye-, *-gʷye-, *-dye-)
      • Ancient Greek: -λλω (-llō) (< *-lye-)
      • Ancient Greek: -ιCω (-iCō) (< *-Cye-)
    • Italic:
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-yati

    See also

    References

    Wikious
    Boobota
    Sagapedia