Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷʰer-

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 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

    Root

    *gʷʰer-

    1. to be warm
    2. to become warm

    Derived terms

    Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷʰer- (40 c, 0 e)
    • *gʷʰér-e-ti (thematic root present)
      • Proto-Albanian: *džera, *džernja
      • Proto-Celtic: *gʷereti (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Hellenic: *kʷʰérō
    • *gʷʰe-gʷʰór-e ~ *gʷʰe-gʷʰr-ḗr (reduplicated stative)
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *garḗˀtei (see there for further descendants)
    • *gʷʰi-gʷʰér-ti ~ *gʷʰi-gʷʰr-énti (i-reduplicated athematic present)
    • *gʷʰr-éh₁-(ye)-ti (eh₁(ye)-stative)
    • *gʷʰr̥-néw-ti ~ *gʷʰr̥-nw-énti (new-present)
    • *gʷʰór-o-s
      • Proto-Celtic: *gʷoros (“brooding; pus”) (see there for further descendants)
    • *gʷʰr̥-nó-s (“warm”)
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gurnas
        • Proto-Slavic: *gъrnъ (“furnace, cauldron”), *gъrno (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gʰr̥nás
        • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *gʰr̥ṇás
          • Sanskrit: घृण (ghṛṇá, “heat”) (see there for further descendants)

    References

    1. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “gu̯her-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 493
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 219-220
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Monier Williams (1899) “Proto-Indo-European/gʷʰer-”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 379, column 1.
    4. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “θέρομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 542-543
    5. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “fornus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 235
    6. ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gъrnъ / *gъrno”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 210
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