Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sḗm
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
From *sem- (“one”).
Numeral
| 1 | 2 > | |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : *sḗm Ordinal : *pró Adverbial : *somHós Fractional : *sēmi Prefix : *sm̥- | ||
*sḗm
Inflection
| Athematic, amphikinetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *sḗm | *sémih₂ | |
| genitive | *smés | *sm̥yéh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *sḗm | — | — |
| vocative | *sém | — | — |
| accusative | *sḗm | — | — |
| genitive | *smés | — | — |
| ablative | *smés | — | — |
| dative | *sméy | — | — |
| locative | *sém, *sémi | — | — |
| instrumental | *sméh₁ | — | — |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *sémih₂ | — | — |
| vocative | *sémih₂ | — | — |
| accusative | *sémih₂m̥ | — | — |
| genitive | *sm̥yéh₂s | — | — |
| ablative | *sm̥yéh₂s | — | — |
| dative | *sm̥yéh₂ey | — | — |
| locative | *sm̥yéh₂, *sm̥yéh₂i | — | — |
| instrumental | *sm̥yéh₂h₁ | — | — |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *sém | — | — |
| vocative | *sém | — | — |
| accusative | *sém | — | — |
| genitive | *smés | — | — |
| ablative | *smés | — | — |
| dative | *sméy | — | — |
| locative | *sém, *sémi | — | — |
| instrumental | *sméh₁ | — | — |
Descendants
- Proto-Anatolian:
- Hittite: 𒊭𒉌 (sani-, “single”)
- Proto-Armenian:
- Proto-Hellenic: *hens (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *hmia
- Ancient Greek: μία (mía) (< *smih₂)
- Proto-Tocharian: *sems (see there for further descendants)
References
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