Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/skey-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Perhaps from a reanalysis of *sek- (“to cut”) +‎ *-éy-.

Root

*skey-

1. to split, to dissect

Alternative reconstructions

• *skēy-, *skeh₁-y-

Derived terms

• *skey-(e)-ti (root present)
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Latgalian: škeit' (“to pluck”)
  • Proto-Celtic: *skeyeti (“to vomit”)
    • Old Irish: sceïd
      • Irish: sceith
      • Scottish Gaelic: sgeith
      • → Old Norse: skjaðak
        • >? Norwegian Nynorsk: skjæraks
        • Swedish: skäde
• *ski-yé-ti (yé-present)
  • Proto-Italic: *skijō (“to distinguish, discern”)
    • Latin: sciō (“to know”) (see there for further descendants)
• *skey-to-s
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Latgalian: škīts
    • Latvian: šķiets
    • Lithuanian: skietas
    • Proto-Slavic: *ščítъ (“shield”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Celtic: *skētos (“shield, cover”) (see there for further descendants)
• *skey-t-ó-m (or *skeyt-ó-m)
  • Proto-Germanic: *skīdą (“stick”) (see there for further descendants)
• *skoy-to-m (or *skoyt-o-m)
  • Proto-Italic: *skoitom
    • >? Latin: scūtum (“shield”) (see there for further descendants)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Proto-Albanian: *skeitsā
    • Albanian: shqisë
  • Proto-Celtic: *skiyenā (“knife”)
    • Old Irish: scían
      • Middle Irish: scian
        • Irish: scian
        • Manx: skynn
        • Scottish Gaelic: sgian
        • → Middle English: skene, sceyne
          • English: skean, skene, skeyn
      • → Old Welsh: *scien
        • Middle Welsh: ysgien
          • Welsh: ysgien

Extensions

• *skey-d-
• *skey-bʰ-, *skey-p-, *skey-b-?
  • ⇒
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Latvian: škibît (“to cut, lop (off)”)
      • Lithuanian: skiẽbti (“to rip up”)
  • ⇒ *skibʰ-on- or *skip-ón-
    • ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *skībǭ (“slice, thin layer”)
  • ⇒ *skib-o-m?
    • >? Proto-Germanic: *skipą (“hollow(ed-out) object; ship”) (see there for further descendants)
• *skey-t-
  • ⇒ *skóyt-e-ti (o-grade present)
    • Proto-Germanic: *skaiþaną, *skaidaną (see there for further descendants)
      • ⇒ *skaiþiz (“carved-out hollow; sheath, vessel”) (see there for further descendants)

References

• Pokorny, 2463 Pages, 919-922
• Gerhard Koebler
• Altiranisches Wörterbuch by Christian Bartholomae