Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/skey-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Perhaps from a reanalysis of *sek- (“to cut”) +‎ *-éy-.

Root

*skey-

to split, to dissect

Alternative reconstructions

*skēy-, *skeh₁-y-

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skey- (31 c, 0 e)

*skey-(e)-ti (root present)
- Balto-Slavic:
  - Latgalian: škeit (“to pluck”)
- Proto-Celtic: *skeyeti (“to vomit”)
  - Old Irish: sceïd
    - Irish: sceith
    - Scottish Gaelic: sgeith
    - Manx: skeeah
    - → Old Norse: skjaðak
      - >? Norwegian Nynorsk: skjæraks
      - Swedish: skäde
*ski-yé-ti (yé-present)
- Proto-Italic: *skijō (“to distinguish, discern”)
  - Latin: sciō (“to know”) (see there for further descendants)
*skey-to-s
- Proto-Balto-Slavic:
  - Latgalian: škīts
  - Latvian: šķiets
  - Lithuanian: skietas
  - Proto-Slavic: *ščítъ (“shield”)^[1] (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Celtic: *skeitos (“shield, cover”) (see there for further descendants)
*skey-t-ó-m (or *skeyt-ó-m)
- Proto-Germanic: *skīdą (“stick”) (see there for further descendants)
*skoy-to-m (or *skoyt-o-m)
- Proto-Italic: *skoitom
  - >? Latin: scūtum (“shield”) (see there for further descendants)
Unsorted formations:
- Proto-Albanian: *skeitsā
  - Albanian: shqisë
- Proto-Celtic: *skiyenā (“knife”)
  - Old Irish: scían
    - Middle Irish: scian
      - Irish: scian
      - Manx: skynn
      - Scottish Gaelic: sgian
      - → Middle English: skene, sceyne
        English: skean, skene, skeyn
    - → Old Welsh: *scien
      - Middle Welsh: ysgien
        Welsh: ysgien

Extensions

*skey-d-
*skey-bʰ-, *skey-p-, *skey-b-?
- ⇒
  - Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    - Latvian: škibît (“to cut, lop (off)”)
    - Lithuanian: skiẽbti (“to rip up”)
- ⇒ *skibʰ-on- or *skip-ón-
  - ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *skībǭ (“slice, thin layer”)
- ⇒ *skib-o-m?
  - >? Proto-Germanic: *skipą (“hollow(ed-out) object; ship”) (see there for further descendants)
- *skoy-pó-s
  - Proto-Germanic: *skaibaz (“slanted, oblique”)
*skey-t-
- ⇒ *skóyt-e-ti (o-grade present)
  - Proto-Germanic: *skaiþaną, *skaidaną (see there for further descendants)
    - ⇒ *skaiþiz (“carved-out hollow; sheath, vessel”) (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ščítъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 486

Pokorny, 2463 Pages, 919-922
Gerhard Koebler
Altiranisches Wörterbuch by Christian Bartholomae

[D_*ščítъ-1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ščítъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 486

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