Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ní

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ní.

Adverb

*ní^[1]

Derived terms

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *nīcás
- Sanskrit: नीच (nīcá, “low”)
- Avestan: 𐬥𐬍𐬱 (nīš, “without”), 𐬥𐬍𐬲 (nīž)

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ní
- Sanskrit: नि (ni), निर्- (nir-), निस्- (nis-)
Proto-Iranian: *ní
- Central Iranian:
  - Avestan: 𐬥𐬍 (nī)
- Northeastern Iranian:
  - Khotanese: ni-, nä-
  - Sogdian: (n-) (in (npys-, “to write down”))
- Northwestern Iranian:
  - Northern Kurdish: ni- (eg. in nivistin (“to sleep”))
  - Parthian: n-
- Southwestern Iranian:
  - Old Persian: 𐎴 (ni) (in 𐎴-𐎱𐎮𐎹 (ni-padiy, “on the trail of”))
    - Middle Persian: n- (ni)
      - Persian: ن- (ne) (eg. in نشستن (nešastan, “to sit”))
Proto-Nuristani:^[2]
- Northern Nuristani:
  - Kamkata-viri:
    Kamviri: ni
    
    Kativiri: ni
  - Prasuni: n- (“downriver”)

References

^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
^ Strand, Richard F. (2016) “ni”, in Nûristânî Etymological Lexicon‎

[1] Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University

[2] Strand, Richard F. (2016) “ni”, in Nûristânî Etymological Lexicon‎

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