Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-teľь
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Compounded from the original athematic suffix *-tel- (still preserved in *dętelъ, *dętьlъ (“woodpecker”) and *dętelъ (“clover”)) and *-jь. Traces of the original consonantal-stem inflection are well preserved in plural forms, such as the Old Church Slavonic nominative plural -е (-e) / -ⰵ (-e), but genitive plural -ъ (-ŭ) / -ⱏ (-ŭ)).
*-tel- formant probably continues Proto-Indo-European *-ter-, most likely as a result of dissimilation in words such as *orteľь (“plower”) < *or-tel- < *or-ter-. The alternation l : r could also be inherited, because it is already found in Proto-Indo-European, not only in common words, but also in other suffixes, such as *-tlom : *-trom, *-dʰlom : *-dʰrom, which form nomina instrumenti.
Compare *-dlo.
Suffix
*-teľь m
- Deverbative, forms agent nouns from the infinitive/aorist stem. Equivalent to English -er.
- *dati (“to give”) + *-teľь → *dateľь (“donor, giver”)
- *žęti + *-teľь → *žęteľь (“harvester, cropper”)
- *bľusti (“to be awake; watch”) + *-teľь → *bľustiteľь (“guard, guardian, sentry”)
- *prositi (“to ask; beg”) + *-teľь → *prositeľь (“beggar”)
- *dělati (“to do”) + *-teľь → *dělateľь (“worker”)
- *prijati (“to favor, please; be favorable”) + *-teľь → *prijateľь (“friend”)
Declension
Declension of *-teľь (soft o-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *-teľь | *-teľa | *-teľi |
| genitive | *-teľa | *-teľu | *-teľь |
| dative | *-teľu | *-teľema | *-teľemъ |
| accusative | *-teľь | *-teľa | *-teľę̇ |
| instrumental | *-teľьmь, *-teľemь* | *-teľema | *-teľi |
| locative | *-teľi | *-teľu | *-teľixъ |
| vocative | *-teľu | *-teľa | *-teľi |
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.
Derived terms
Synonyms
- (semantically similar): *-ařь
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- Šekli, Matej (2012) “Besedotvorni pomeni samostalniških izpeljank v praslovanščini”, in Philological Studies (in Slovene), volume 10, number 1, Skopje, Perm, Ljubljana, Zagreb, pages 115–32
- Halla-aho, Jussi (2006) Problems of Proto-Slavic Historical Nominal Morphology: On the Basis of Old Church Slavic (Slavica Helsingiensia; 26), Helsinki: University of Helsinki, page 28ff
- Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1976), “*-teľь”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volumes 2 (caca – davьnota), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 50