Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/my

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 This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *wéy, with an irregular change from *w- to *m- (whence *méy). The same irregular change happened in middle Indo-Iranian languages and German dialects. Cognate with Lithuanian mẽs and Old Armenian մեք (mekʻ).

Pronoun

*my[1][2][3]

  1. we (plural)

Declension

Declension of the personal pronouns
Singular 1st person 2nd person Reflexive
Nominative *jãzъ, *jà *ty̑ —
Accusative *mę̑ *tę̑ *sę̑
Genitive *mȅne *tȅbe *sȅbe
Locative *mьně̀ *tebě̀ *sebě̀
Dative *mьně̀, *mi *tebě̀, *ti *sebě̀, *si
Instrumental *mъnòjǫ, *mъnojǫ̀ *tobòjǫ, *tobojǫ̀ *sobòjǫ, *sobojǫ̀
Possessive *mojь *tvojь *svojь
Dual 1st person 2nd person Reflexive
Nominative *vě̑ *vȃ —
Accusative *nȃ *vȃ *sę̑
Genitive *nàju *vàju *sȅbe
Locative *nàju *vàju *sebě̀
Dative *nàma, *na *vàma, *va *sebě̀, *si
Instrumental *nàma *vàma *sobòjǫ, *sobojǫ̀
Possessive *našь *vašь *svojь
Plural 1st person 2nd person Reflexive
Nominative *my̑ *vy̑ —
Accusative *ny̑ *vy̑ *sę̑
Genitive *nàsъ *vàsъ *sȅbe
Locative *nàsъ *vàsъ *sebě̀
Dative *nàmъ, *ny *vàmъ, *vy *sebě̀, *si
Instrumental *nàmi *vàmi *sobòjǫ, *sobojǫ̀
Possessive *našь *vašь *svojь

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: мꙑ (my)
      • Old Ruthenian: мы (my)
        • Belarusian: мы (my)
        • Carpathian Rusyn: мы (mŷ)
        • Ukrainian: ми (my)
      • Russian: мы (my)
    • Old Novgorodian: мꙑ (my)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Old Cyrillic script: мꙑ (my)
      Glagolitic script:
    • Bulgarian: ние (nie) (re-formed by analogy)
    • Macedonian: ние (nie) (re-formed by analogy), ми (mi) (dialectal), мие (mie) (dialectal)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: ми̑
      Latin script: mȋ
    • Slovene: mȋ (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: my
    • Old Polish: my
      • Polish: my
      • Silesian: my
    • Slovak: my
    • Pomeranian:
      • Kashubian: më
      • Slovincian: më
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: my
      • Upper Sorbian: my

References

  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*my”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 336: “prn. ‘we’”
  2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “my”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “we: cf. table X (SA 34ff., 244)”
  3. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “mȋ”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*mŷ”

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “мы”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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