Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tъkati
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Unclear. Proposed etymologies include:
- Miklošič (followed by Snoj, Vasmer): From Proto-Indo-European *tewk- (“to seed, to press”) or possibly *(s)tewk- (“to shove, to push”). Cognate with Latvian taucêt (“to pound”) and akin to Ancient Greek τύκος (túkos, “malleus”), τυκίζω (tukízō, “to clench”).
- Pokorny: Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *tek- (“to weave, to plait”), related to Latin texō (“to weave”), Old High German dūhen (“to press”).
Verb
*tъkàti impf (perfective *tъknǫti)
Inflection
Conjugation of *tъkati, *tъka, *tъčetь (impf., -a/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *tъkanьje | *tъkati | *tъkatъ | *tъkalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *tъkanъ | *tъkomъ |
| Active | *tъkavъ | *tъky |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *tъkaxъ | *tъka | *tъka | *tъkǫ | *tъčeši | *tъčetь |
| Dual | *tъkaxově | *tъkasta | *tъkaste | *tъčevě | *tъčeta | *tъčete |
| Plural | *tъkaxomъ | *tъkaste | *tъkašę | *tъčemъ | *tъčete | *tъkǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *tъkaaxъ | *tъkaaše | *tъkaaše | — | *tъci | *tъci |
| Dual | *tъkaaxově | *tъkaašeta | *tъkaašete | *tъcěvě | *tъcěta | — |
| Plural | *tъkaaxomъ | *tъkaašete | *tъkaaxǫ | *tъcěmъ | *tъcěte | — |
Later reanalyzed among some daughter languages as:
Conjugation of *tъkati, *tъka, *tъkajetь (imph, -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *tъkanьje | *tъkati | *tъkatъ | *tъkalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *tъkanъ | *tъkajemъ |
| Active | *tъkavъ | *tъkaję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *tъkaxъ | *tъka | *tъka | *tъkajǫ | *tъkaješi | *tъkajetь |
| Dual | *tъkaxově | *tъkasta | *tъkaste | *tъkajevě | *tъkajeta | *tъkajete |
| Plural | *tъkaxomъ | *tъkaste | *tъkašę | *tъkajemъ | *tъkajete | *tъkajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *tъkaaxъ | *tъkaaše | *tъkaaše | — | *tъkaji | *tъkaji |
| Dual | *tъkaaxově | *tъkaašeta | *tъkaašete | *tъkajivě | *tъkajita | — |
| Plural | *tъkaaxomъ | *tъkaašete | *tъkaaxǫ | *tъkajimъ | *tъkajite | — |
Derived terms
- *tъkačь (“weaver (agent)”)
- *tъkadlo (“weaver (tool)”)
- *tъkanь (“fabric, texture”)
- *tъčivo (“texture, weaved product”)
Related terms
- *tykъ (“shove, push”)
- *tykati (“to push”)
- *tъčьnъ (“exact”)
- *tъčьka (“point”)
- *tъkъmo (“just now, only”) (adverb)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ткать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- ткати in Горох.ua (Етимологія)
References
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1058
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “tъkati: tъčjǫ tъčjetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b væve (PR 136f.)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “tkáti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*tъka̋ti”