Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xula

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Main lines of reasoning:

• Of onomatopoeic or expressive origin, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kew- (“to shout, to scold”), originally meaning “taunt”. Related to Proto-Slavic *čьvati, *ščьvati (“to bark, to slander, to harass”).
• Of physical nature, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ksew- (“to scrape, to injure”), originally meaning “physical attack, offend”. Related to Proto-Slavic *xudъ (“injured, weak”), possibly Proto-Slavic *xytiti (“to assault”).

*xulà f

1. unjust vilification, verbal offence → blasphemy (in religion)

   Synonym: *kleveta

• *xuliti (“to vilify, to offend”)
  • *xulьnъ (“insulting”)
• *xulovati (“to commit blasphemy”)
• *xulostь, *xulьstvo (“sacrilege, blasphemy”)

• *xyliti (sę) (“to cripple, to bend down”)

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: хула (xula)
    • Old Ruthenian: хула́ (xulá)
      • Belarusian: хула́ (xulá) (dialectal)
      • Ukrainian: хула́ (xulá)
    • Russian: хула́ (xulá) (dated, literary)
  • Belarusian: ху́ла (xúla, “scolding”)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: хоула (xula)

    Glagolitic script: ⱈⱆⰾⰰ (xula)

    • Church Slavonic: хоула (xula) (Serbian, Russian)
  • Bulgarian: ху́ла (húla)
  • Macedonian: хула (hula) (literary)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ху̏ла (dialectal)

    Latin script: hȕla (dialectal)

  • Slovene: húla (poetic)

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “хула”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*xula I”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 114