Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yẹl
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Alternative reconstructions
Reconstruction notes
- Reconstructing vowel length proves difficult for this root. Reflexes contradict each other concerning the vowel length and both short and long voweled variants can be seen attested even in the same language (e.g. in Old Turkic, Khalaj, Karluk languages etc.)
- Oldest attestations feature both open-e (é) and closed-e (e/ä) variants, which one was the original cannot be truly ascertained from the available data.
Etymology
Unknown. Possibly related to Old Uyghur 𐰘𐰃𐰠 (y²il², “mane”) and Karakhanid یَلِغْ (yalïğ, “comb of a rooster”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Noun
*yẹl
Declension
| singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| nominative | *yẹl |
| accusative | *yẹlig, *yẹlni1) |
| genitive | *yẹlniŋ |
| dative | *yẹlke |
| locative | *yẹlte |
| ablative | *yẹlten |
| allative | *yẹlgerü |
| instrumental 2) | *yẹlin |
| equative 2) | *yẹlče |
| similative 2) | *yẹlleyü |
| comitative 2) | *yẹlligü |
1) Originally used only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
Descendants
- Oghur: *ǰēl
- Proto-Common Turkic: *yẹl ~ *yẹ̄l
- Arghu:
- Khalaj: yel (/jɛˑl/, /jeːl/)
- Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Kipchak:
- Siberian:
References
- Agyágasi, Klára (2019) Chuvash Historical Phonetics (Turcologica; 117), Wiesbaden: Harrssowitz, page 102
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “yé:l”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 916-917
- Róna-Tas, András, Berta, Árpád, Károly, László (2011) “SZÉL ”, in West Old Turkic: Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian (Turcologica; 84), volume 2, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, pages 785-787