singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | {{{1}}}af | {{{1}}}i | {{{1}}}, {{{1}}}a | {{{1}}}wn | {{{1}}}wch | {{{1}}}ant | {{{1}}}ir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
{{{1}}}wn | {{{1}}}it | {{{1}}}ai | {{{1}}}em | {{{1}}}ech | {{{1}}}ent | {{{1}}}id | |
preterite | {{{1}}}ais | {{{1}}}aist | {{{1}}}odd | {{{1}}}asom | {{{1}}}asoch | {{{1}}}asant | {{{1}}}wyd | |
pluperfect | {{{1}}}aswn | {{{1}}}asit | {{{1}}}asai | {{{1}}}asem | {{{1}}}asech | {{{1}}}asent | {{{1}}}asid, {{{1}}}esid | |
present subjunctive | {{{1}}}wyf | {{{1}}}ych | {{{1}}}o | {{{1}}}om | {{{1}}}och | {{{1}}}ont | {{{1}}}er | |
imperative | — | {{{1}}}, {{{1}}}a | {{{1}}}ed | {{{1}}}wn | {{{1}}}wch | {{{1}}}ent | {{{1}}}er | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-cons | |||||||
verbal adjectives | {{{1}}}edig {{{1}}}adwy |
This template creates a conjugation table for verb forms used in literary Welsh. Many of these forms are not encountered in the colloquial language. This template is for verb roots ending in a consonant.
{{cy-conj-cons<!-- -->|(root)<!-- -->|(root with vowel affection)<!-- -->|3=(3rd singular present/future)<!-- -->|3alt=(alternate 3rd singular present/future)<!-- -->|imp=(2nd singular imperative)<!-- -->|nolong=3s/imp/both<!-- -->|2plaffectiononly=ind/imp/both<!-- -->|doublecons=n/r<!-- -->|hless=...<!-- -->|verbadj=edig/adwy/none<!-- -->}}
{{cy-verb}}
. This is the only obligatory parameter. If the root ends in nn or rr, put only one n or r here and use doublecons=
(see below).3=
the "short" form of the 3rd person singular present/future, i.e. the form that does not end in -a. Enter -
if no short form is attested. It is not necessary to type 3=
if the previous parameter is present. Do not use this parameter if the form is identical to the root.3alt=
an alternative short form of the 3rd person singular present/future. Use this parameter only if the verb has two "short" variants of the 3rd person singular form.imp=
the "short" form of the 2nd person singular imperative, i.e. the form that does not end in -a. Enter -
if no short form is attested. Do not use this parameter if the form is identical either to the form specified in 3=
or to the root.nolong=
Enter 3s
if the 3rd person singular present/future is not attested to have a long form in -a. Enter imp
if the 2nd person singular imperative is not attested to have a long form in -a. Enter both
if neither of these forms is attested to have a long form in -a.2plaffectiononly=
Enter ind
if the 2nd person plural present/future is attested only with vowel affection. Enter imp
if the 2nd person plural imperative is attested only with vowel affection. Enter both
if both of those forms are attested only with vowel affection. If this parameter is omitted, the template assumes that both forms are attested both with and without vowel affection.doublecons=
Enter n
if the root ends in nn and r
if the root ends in rr. Otherwise do not use this parameter.hless=
If the stem contains an h that disappears before a bisyllabic ending (i.e. in the preterite plural, in the pluperfect, and in the verbal adjectives), enter the h-less version of the stem here.verbadj=
Enter edig
if only the verbal adjective in -edig is attested. Enter adwy
if only the verb adjective in -adwy is attested. Enter none
if neither verbal adjective is attested. Omit this parameter if both verbal adjectives are attested.{{cy-conj-cons|dychryn}}
yields:
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | dychrynaf | dychryni | dychryn, dychryna | dychrynwn | dychrynwch | dychrynant | dychrynir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
dychrynwn | dychrynit | dychrynai | dychrynem | dychrynech | dychrynent | dychrynid | |
preterite | dychrynais | dychrynaist | dychrynodd | dychrynasom | dychrynasoch | dychrynasant | dychrynwyd | |
pluperfect | dychrynaswn | dychrynasit | dychrynasai | dychrynasem | dychrynasech | dychrynasent | dychrynasid, dychrynesid | |
present subjunctive | dychrynwyf | dychrynych | dychryno | dychrynom | dychrynoch | dychrynont | dychryner | |
imperative | — | dychryn, dychryna | dychryned | dychrynwn | dychrynwch | dychrynent | dychryner | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-cons | |||||||
verbal adjectives | dychrynedig dychrynadwy |
{{cy-conj-cons|car|cer|câr}}
yields:
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | caraf | ceri | câr, cara | carwn | cerwch, carwch | carant | cerir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
carwn | carit | carai | carem | carech | carent | cerid | |
preterite | cerais | ceraist | carodd | carasom | carasoch | carasant | carwyd | |
pluperfect | caraswn | carasit | carasai | carasem | carasech | carasent | carasid, caresid | |
present subjunctive | carwyf | cerych | caro | carom | caroch | caront | carer | |
imperative | — | câr, cara | cared | carwn | cerwch, carwch | carent | carer | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-cons | |||||||
verbal adjectives | caredig caradwy |
{{cy-conj-cons|adolyg|3=-|imp=-}}
yields:
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | adolygaf | adolygi | adolyga | adolygwn | adolygwch | adolygant | adolygir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
adolygwn | adolygit | adolygai | adolygem | adolygech | adolygent | adolygid | |
preterite | adolygais | adolygaist | adolygodd | adolygasom | adolygasoch | adolygasant | adolygwyd | |
pluperfect | adolygaswn | adolygasit | adolygasai | adolygasem | adolygasech | adolygasent | adolygasid, adolygesid | |
present subjunctive | adolygwyf | adolygych | adolygo | adolygom | adolygoch | adolygont | adolyger | |
imperative | — | adolyga | adolyged | adolygwn | adolygwch | adolygent | adolyger | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-cons | |||||||
verbal adjectives | adolygedig adolygadwy |
{{cy-conj-cons|adrodd|3=edrydd|imp=adrodd}}
yields:
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | adroddaf | adroddi | edrydd, adrodda | adroddwn | adroddwch | adroddant | adroddir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
adroddwn | adroddit | adroddai | adroddem | adroddech | adroddent | adroddid | |
preterite | adroddais | adroddaist | adroddodd | adroddasom | adroddasoch | adroddasant | adroddwyd | |
pluperfect | adroddaswn | adroddasit | adroddasai | adroddasem | adroddasech | adroddasent | adroddasid, adroddesid | |
present subjunctive | adroddwyf | adroddych | adroddo | adroddom | adroddoch | adroddont | adrodder | |
imperative | — | adrodd, adrodda | adrodded | adroddwn | adroddwch | adroddent | adrodder | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-cons | |||||||
verbal adjectives | adroddedig adroddadwy |
{{cy-conj-cons|ardd|erdd|nolong=both|2plaffectiononly=both}}
yields:
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | arddaf | erddi | ardd | arddwn | erddwch | arddant | erddir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
arddwn | arddit | arddai | arddem | arddech | arddent | erddid | |
preterite | erddais | erddaist | arddodd | arddasom | arddasoch | arddasant | arddwyd | |
pluperfect | arddaswn | arddasit | arddasai | arddasem | arddasech | arddasent | arddasid, arddesid | |
present subjunctive | arddwyf | erddych | arddo | arddom | arddoch | arddont | ardder | |
imperative | — | ardd | ardded | arddwn | erddwch | arddent | ardder | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-cons | |||||||
verbal adjectives | arddedig arddadwy |
{{cy-conj-cons|ateb|3alt=etyb|nolong=3s}}
yields:
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | atebaf | atebi | ateb, etyb | atebwn | atebwch | atebant | atebir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
atebwn | atebit | atebai | atebem | atebech | atebent | atebid | |
preterite | atebais | atebaist | atebodd | atebasom | atebasoch | atebasant | atebwyd | |
pluperfect | atebaswn | atebasit | atebasai | atebasem | atebasech | atebasent | atebasid, atebesid | |
present subjunctive | atebwyf | atebych | atebo | atebom | ateboch | atebont | ateber | |
imperative | — | ateb, ateba | atebed | atebwn | atebwch | atebent | ateber | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-cons | |||||||
verbal adjectives | atebedig atebadwy |
{{cy-conj-cons|cychwyn|doublecons=n|imp=-}}
yields:
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | cychwynnaf | cychwynni | cychwyn, cychwynna | cychwynnwn | cychwynnwch | cychwynnant | cychwynnir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
cychwynnwn | cychwynnit | cychwynnai | cychwynnem | cychwynnech | cychwynnent | cychwynnid | |
preterite | cychwynnais | cychwynnaist | cychwynnodd | cychwynasom | cychwynasoch | cychwynasant | cychwynnwyd | |
pluperfect | cychwynaswn | cychwynasit | cychwynasai | cychwynasem | cychwynasech | cychwynasent | cychwynasid, cychwynesid | |
present subjunctive | cychwynnwyf | cychwynnych | cychwynno | cychwynnom | cychwynnoch | cychwynnont | cychwynner | |
imperative | — | cychwynna | cychwynned | cychwynnwn | cychwynnwch | cychwynnent | cychwynner | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-cons | |||||||
verbal adjectives | cychwynedig cychwynadwy |
{{cy-conj-cons|cyrhaedd|3=cyrraedd|3alt=cyrraidd|nolong=imp|hless=cyraedd}}
yields:
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | cyrhaeddaf | cyrhaeddi | cyrraedd, cyrhaedda, cyrraidd | cyrhaeddwn | cyrhaeddwch | cyrhaeddant | cyrhaeddir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
cyrhaeddwn | cyrhaeddit | cyrhaeddai | cyrhaeddem | cyrhaeddech | cyrhaeddent | cyrhaeddid | |
preterite | cyrhaeddais | cyrhaeddaist | cyrhaeddodd | cyraeddasom | cyraeddasoch | cyraeddasant | cyrhaeddwyd | |
pluperfect | cyraeddaswn | cyraeddasit | cyraeddasai | cyraeddasem | cyraeddasech | cyraeddasent | cyraeddasid, cyraeddesid | |
present subjunctive | cyrhaeddwyf | cyrhaeddych | cyrhaeddo | cyrhaeddom | cyrhaeddoch | cyrhaeddont | cyrhaedder | |
imperative | — | cyrraedd | cyrhaedded | cyrhaeddwn | cyrhaeddwch | cyrhaeddent | cyrhaedder | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-cons | |||||||
verbal adjectives | cyraeddedig cyraeddadwy |
{{cy-conj-cons|gyr|doublecons=r|nolong=3s}}
yields:
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | gyrraf | gyrri | gyr | gyrrwn | gyrrwch | gyrrant | gyrrir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
gyrrwn | gyrrit | gyrrai | gyrrem | gyrrech | gyrrent | gyrrid | |
preterite | gyrrais | gyrraist | gyrrodd | gyrasom | gyrasoch | gyrasant | gyrrwyd | |
pluperfect | gyraswn | gyrasit | gyrasai | gyrasem | gyrasech | gyrasent | gyrasid, gyresid | |
present subjunctive | gyrrwyf | gyrrych | gyrro | gyrrom | gyrroch | gyrront | gyrrer | |
imperative | — | gyr, gyrra | gyrred | gyrrwn | gyrrwch | gyrrent | gyrrer | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-cons | |||||||
verbal adjectives | gyredig gyradwy |