singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | {{{1}}}iaf | {{{1}}}i | {{{1}}}i, {{{1}}}ia | {{{1}}}iwn | {{{1}}}iwch | {{{1}}}iant | {{{1}}}ir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | {{{1}}}iwn | {{{1}}}it | {{{1}}}iai | {{{1}}}iem | {{{1}}}iech | {{{1}}}ient | {{{1}}}id | |
preterite | {{{1}}}iais | {{{1}}}iaist | {{{1}}}iodd | {{{1}}}iasom | {{{1}}}iasoch | {{{1}}}iasant | {{{1}}}iwyd | |
pluperfect | {{{1}}}iaswn | {{{1}}}iasit | {{{1}}}iasai | {{{1}}}iasem | {{{1}}}iasech | {{{1}}}iasent | {{{1}}}iasid, {{{1}}}iesid | |
present subjunctive | {{{1}}}iwyf | {{{1}}}iech | {{{1}}}io | {{{1}}}iom | {{{1}}}ioch | {{{1}}}iont | {{{1}}}ier | |
imperative | — | {{{1}}}i, {{{1}}}ia | {{{1}}}ied | {{{1}}}iwn | {{{1}}}iwch | {{{1}}}ient | {{{1}}}ier | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-i | |||||||
verbal adjectives | {{{1}}}iedig {{{1}}}iadwy |
This template creates a conjugation table for verb forms used in literary Welsh. Many of these forms are not encountered in the colloquial language. This template is for verb roots ending in -i.
{{cy-conj-i |(root) |(root with vowel affection) |3=(3rd singular present/future) |3alt=(alternate 3rd singular present/future) |final=h/i |imp=(2nd singular imperative) |nolong=3s/imp/both |2ssubj=no_i |2plaffectiononly=ind/imp/both |doubling_2sfut=yes/optional |doubling_impfut=yes/optional |doubling_2scond=yes/optional |doubling_impcond=yes/optional |verbadj1=no_i/both/none |verbadj2=no_i/both/none }}
{{cy-verb}}
(but without the final i). This is the only obligatory parameter.|3=
the "short" form of the 3rd person singular present/future, i.e. the form that does not end in -a. Enter -
if no short form is attested. It is not necessary to type 3=
if the previous parameter is present. Do not use this parameter if the form is identical to the root.|3alt=
an alternative short form of the 3rd person singular present/future. Use this parameter only if the verb has two "short" variants of the 3rd person singular form.|final=
Enter h
for verbs like cwtsio where an h is added before a syllabic i (e.g. cwtshi, cwtshir). Enter i
for verbs like crio where the i is always syllabic and written without a diaeresis. Enter ï
for verbs like copïo where the i is always syllabic and written with a diaeresis.|imp=
the "short" form of the 2nd person singular imperative, i.e. the form that does not end in -a. Enter -
if no short form is attested. Do not use this parameter if the form is identical either to the form specified in 3=
or to the root.|nolong=
Enter 3s
if the 3rd person singular present/future is not attested to have a long form in -a. Enter imp
if the 2nd person singular imperative is not attested to have a long form in -a. Enter both
if neither of these forms is attested to have a long form in -a.|2ssubj=
Enter no_i
if the 2nd person singular subjunctive ends in -ych rather than -iech. Otherwise omit this parameter.|2plaffectiononly=
Enter ind
if the 2nd person plural present/future is attested only with vowel affection. Enter imp
if the 2nd person plural imperative is attested only with vowel affection. Enter both
if both of those forms are attested only with vowel affection. If this parameter is omitted, the template assumes that both forms are attested both with and without vowel affection.|doubling_2sfut=
Enter yes
if n in the root is doubled to nn in the 2nd person singular present/future. Enter optional
if the 2nd person singular present/future is attested both with and without this doubling. Otherwise do not use this parameter.|doubling_impfut=
Same as above, but for the impersonal present/future.|doubling_2scond=
Same as above, but for the 2nd person singular imperfect/conditional.|doubling_impcond=
Same as above, but for the impersonal imperfect/conditional.|verbadj1=
Enter no_i
if the verbal adjective in -edig is attested only without the final i of the stem. Enter both
if the verbal adjective in -edig is attested both with and without the final i of the stem. Enter none
if the verbal adjective is -edig is not attested. Omit this parameter if the verbal adjective in -edig is attested only with the final i of the stem.|verbadj2=
Same as verbadj1
but for the verbal adjective in -adwy.{{cy-conj-i|anghof|3=-|imp=-}}
yields:
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | anghofiaf | anghofi | anghofia | anghofiwn | anghofiwch | anghofiant | anghofir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | anghofiwn | anghofit | anghofiai | anghofiem | anghofiech | anghofient | anghofid | |
preterite | anghofiais | anghofiaist | anghofiodd | anghofiasom | anghofiasoch | anghofiasant | anghofiwyd | |
pluperfect | anghofiaswn | anghofiasit | anghofiasai | anghofiasem | anghofiasech | anghofiasent | anghofiasid, anghofiesid | |
present subjunctive | anghofiwyf | anghofiech | anghofio | anghofiom | anghofioch | anghofiont | anghofier | |
imperative | — | anghofia | anghofied | anghofiwn | anghofiwch | anghofient | anghofier | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-i | |||||||
verbal adjectives | anghofiedig anghofiadwy |
{{cy-conj-i|arwein|3=arwain|nolong=both}}
yields:
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | arweiniaf | arweini | arwain | arweiniwn | arweiniwch | arweiniant | arweinir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | arweiniwn | arweinit | arweiniai | arweiniem | arweiniech | arweinient | arweinid | |
preterite | arweiniais | arweiniaist | arweiniodd | arweiniasom | arweiniasoch | arweiniasant | arweiniwyd | |
pluperfect | arweiniaswn | arweiniasit | arweiniasai | arweiniasem | arweiniasech | arweiniasent | arweiniasid, arweiniesid | |
present subjunctive | arweiniwyf | arweiniech | arweinio | arweiniom | arweinioch | arweiniont | arweinier | |
imperative | — | arwain | arweinied | arweiniwn | arweiniwch | arweinient | arweinier | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-i | |||||||
verbal adjectives | arweiniedig arweiniadwy |
{{cy-conj-i|atal|atel|etyl|imp=atal|nolong=both|2plaffectiononly=ind}}
yields:
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | ataliaf | ateli | etyl | ataliwn | ateliwch | ataliant | atelir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | ataliwn | atelit | ataliai | ataliem | ataliech | atalient | atelid | |
preterite | ateliais | ateliaist | ataliodd | ataliasom | ataliasoch | ataliasant | ataliwyd | |
pluperfect | ataliaswn | ataliasit | ataliasai | ataliasem | ataliasech | ataliasent | ataliasid, ataliesid | |
present subjunctive | ataliwyf | ateliech | atalio | ataliom | atalioch | ataliont | atalier | |
imperative | — | atal | atalied | ataliwn | ateliwch, ataliwch | atalient | atalier | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-i | |||||||
verbal adjectives | ataliedig ataliadwy |
{{cy-conj-i|defnydd|3=-|imp=-|2ssubj=no_i|verbadj1=no_i|verbadj2=both}}
yields:
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | defnyddiaf | defnyddi | defnyddia | defnyddiwn | defnyddiwch | defnyddiant | defnyddir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | defnyddiwn | defnyddit | defnyddiai | defnyddiem | defnyddiech | defnyddient | defnyddid | |
preterite | defnyddiais | defnyddiaist | defnyddiodd | defnyddiasom | defnyddiasoch | defnyddiasant | defnyddiwyd | |
pluperfect | defnyddiaswn | defnyddiasit | defnyddiasai | defnyddiasem | defnyddiasech | defnyddiasent | defnyddiasid, defnyddiesid | |
present subjunctive | defnyddiwyf | defnyddych | defnyddio | defnyddiom | defnyddioch | defnyddiont | defnyddier | |
imperative | — | defnyddia | defnyddied | defnyddiwn | defnyddiwch | defnyddient | defnyddier | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-i | |||||||
verbal adjectives | defnyddedig defnyddiadwy, defnyddadwy |
{{cy-conj-i|erfyn|3=erfyn|nolong=both|doubling_2sfut=optional|doubling_impfut=yes|doubling_2scond=yes|doubling_impcond=yes|verbadj1=both|verbadj2=none}}
yields:
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | erfyniaf | erfynni, erfyni | erfyn | erfyniwn | erfyniwch | erfyniant | erfynnir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | erfyniwn | erfynnit | erfyniai | erfyniem | erfyniech | erfynient | erfynnid | |
preterite | erfyniais | erfyniaist | erfyniodd | erfyniasom | erfyniasoch | erfyniasant | erfyniwyd | |
pluperfect | erfyniaswn | erfyniasit | erfyniasai | erfyniasem | erfyniasech | erfyniasent | erfyniasid, erfyniesid | |
present subjunctive | erfyniwyf | erfyniech | erfynio | erfyniom | erfynioch | erfyniont | erfynier | |
imperative | — | erfyn | erfynied | erfyniwn | erfyniwch | erfynient | erfynier | |
verbal noun | cy-conj-i | |||||||
verbal adjectives | erfyniedig, erfynedig — |